The enzyme which hydrolyses triglycerides tofatty acids and glycerol is called [2004]a)Maltaseb)Lipasec)Zymased)PepsinCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

The enzyme which hydrolyses triglycerides tofatty acids and glycerol is called    [2004]a)Maltaseb)Lipasec)Zymased)PepsinCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Answer

Lipases perform essential roles in the digestion, transport and processing of dietary lipids (e.g.triglycerides, fats, oils) in most, if not all, living organisms. Genes encoding lipases are even present in certain viruses. Most lipases act at a specific position on the glycerol backbone of lipid substrate (A1, A2 or A3)(small intestine).

For example, human pancreatic lipase (HPL), which is the main enzyme that breaks down dietary fats in the human digestive system, converts triglyceride substrates found in ingested oils to monoglycerides and two fatty acids.

Answer

Hydrolysis of Triglycerides:

Triglycerides are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol through a process called hydrolysis. This process is catalyzed by a specific enzyme known as lipase.

Role of Lipase:

- Lipase is responsible for hydrolyzing the ester bond between the glycerol molecule and the fatty acids in triglycerides.
- This enzyme helps in the digestion and absorption of dietary fats in the small intestine.
- Lipase is essential for the metabolism of fats in the body and plays a crucial role in maintaining lipid balance.

Function of Lipase:

- Lipase acts specifically on triglycerides, converting them into glycerol and fatty acids, which can then be absorbed by the body.
- This enzyme is produced in the pancreas and released into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats.
- Lipase is also involved in various physiological processes, such as lipid metabolism and energy production.

Significance of Lipase in Health:

- Lipase deficiency can lead to malabsorption of fats, resulting in symptoms like diarrhea, steatorrhea, and weight loss.
- Monitoring lipase levels in the blood can help in diagnosing pancreatic disorders and other conditions affecting fat digestion.
- Understanding the role of lipase is crucial for maintaining a healthy lipid profile and overall well-being.

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