Incorrect Statement: A single-phase induction motor requires only 1 winding.
Explanation:
A single-phase induction motor is a type of motor that is commonly used in various applications. It operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction, where an alternating current (AC) is passed through a primary winding, which creates a rotating magnetic field. This rotating magnetic field then induces currents in the rotor, causing it to rotate.

1. A single-phase induction motor requires multiple windings:
In order to create a rotating magnetic field, a single-phase induction motor requires at least two windings - a primary winding and a secondary winding. The primary winding is typically connected to an AC power source and carries the main current. The secondary winding, also known as the shading coil or auxiliary winding, is used to create a phase shift and provide starting torque.

2. A single-phase induction motor can rotate in both directions:
Contrary to the statement, a single-phase induction motor is capable of rotating in both directions. The direction of rotation can be changed by reversing the polarity of the AC supply or by using external devices such as a capacitor-start mechanism or a centrifugal switch.

3. A single-phase induction motor is not self-starting:
This statement is correct. Unlike three-phase induction motors, single-phase induction motors are not inherently self-starting. They require some external means to initiate rotation. This is because a single-phase AC supply does not produce a rotating magnetic field on its own. Common methods used for starting a single-phase induction motor include using a capacitor-start mechanism or a centrifugal switch.

Conclusion:
The incorrect statement is "A single-phase induction motor requires only 1 winding." A single-phase induction motor requires multiple windings, typically a primary winding and a secondary winding. It can rotate in both directions, and it is not self-starting without external means.