The data which is collected by enumerator (a person who collected data) is called primary data. This is also known as First hand data.

The data which has been collected by some other agency, they are called secondary data. This is also known as Second hand data.

Primary Data:
Primary data refers to the original data that is collected firsthand by the researcher for a specific purpose or study. It is the raw data that has not been previously published or analyzed. Primary data is gathered directly from the source through surveys, experiments, observations, or interviews. It is considered to be more reliable and accurate as it is collected specifically for the study at hand.

Characteristics of Primary Data:
1. Originality: Primary data is original and collected for the first time.
2. Accuracy: Since primary data is collected firsthand, it is generally more accurate and reliable.
3. Relevance: Primary data is collected with a specific purpose or research objective in mind, making it highly relevant to the study.
4. Time-consuming: Collecting primary data can be time-consuming as it involves designing research instruments, conducting surveys or experiments, and analyzing the data.

Methods of Collecting Primary Data:
1. Surveys: Surveys involve direct questioning of individuals or groups through questionnaires, interviews, or online forms.
2. Experiments: In experiments, researchers manipulate variables to observe the effect on the outcome.
3. Observations: Observations involve directly observing and recording behaviors or events.
4. Interviews: Interviews involve face-to-face or telephonic conversations to gather information.

Secondary Data:
Secondary data refers to the data that has been collected by someone else for a different purpose and is available in various sources such as books, government reports, websites, articles, etc. It is already processed and analyzed data that is used by researchers to gain insights or support their own research. Secondary data can provide a broader perspective as it often covers a larger population or longer time period.

Characteristics of Secondary Data:
1. Already available: Secondary data is readily available from existing sources.
2. Less time-consuming: Since secondary data is already collected and processed, it saves time compared to primary data collection.
3. Less expensive: Secondary data is generally less expensive to obtain as compared to primary data collection.
4. Potential inconsistency: There may be inconsistencies or limitations in secondary data, as it was collected for a different purpose.

Sources of Secondary Data:
1. Government Sources: Government reports, census data, and official statistics.
2. Books and Journals: Published books, research papers, and academic journals.
3. Online Databases: Online platforms providing access to various research studies and reports.
4. Private Organizations: Reports and data published by private organizations or research agencies.

Comparison between Primary and Secondary Data:
1. Originality: Primary data is original, while secondary data is already collected by someone else.
2. Reliability: Primary data is generally more reliable, as it is collected firsthand for a specific purpose.
3. Time and Cost: Primary data collection is time-consuming and expensive, while secondary data is readily available and less costly.
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