Answer:

Definition of Garbage:
In computer science, "garbage" refers to data that is no longer needed or used by a program. This can include unused variables, objects, or memory that has been allocated but is no longer accessible by the program. Garbage can accumulate during the execution of a program and can lead to memory leaks or inefficient memory usage.

Types of Garbage:
There are several types of garbage that can exist in a program:

1. Unallocated storage: Unallocated storage refers to memory that has been reserved but not yet assigned to any variables or objects. This is memory that has been allocated by the program but is not currently being used. It can also refer to memory that has been freed or deallocated but has not yet been reused.

2. Allocated storage whose access paths are destroyed: This type of garbage refers to memory that has been allocated and assigned to variables or objects but is no longer accessible by the program. This can occur when the variables or objects that reference the memory are no longer in scope, have been overwritten, or have had their references destroyed.

3. Allocated storage: Allocated storage refers to memory that has been reserved and assigned to variables or objects that are currently in use by the program. This is memory that is actively being used and is necessary for the program's execution.

4. Uninitialized storage: Uninitialized storage refers to memory that has been allocated but has not yet been assigned a value. This can occur when a variable or object is declared but not initialized with a value. Accessing uninitialized storage can lead to undefined behavior and can be a source of bugs in a program.

Explanation of the Correct Answer:
The correct answer to the given question is option 'B', which states that garbage is "allocated storage whose access paths are destroyed." This means that the garbage refers to memory that has been allocated and assigned to variables or objects but is no longer accessible by the program. The access paths to this allocated memory have been destroyed, either due to variables or objects going out of scope, being overwritten, or having their references destroyed.

When the access paths to allocated memory are destroyed, the program can no longer use or free that memory. This can lead to memory leaks, where memory is allocated but never released, causing the program to consume more and more memory over time. Memory leaks can result in decreased performance, increased memory usage, and even program crashes.

It is important for programmers to manage memory properly to avoid the accumulation of garbage. This involves deallocating memory that is no longer needed, ensuring that access paths to allocated memory are properly maintained, and avoiding the use of uninitialized storage. By properly managing memory, programmers can improve the efficiency and stability of their programs.