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A solar energy based heat engine which receives 80 kJ of heat at 100 deg Cand rejects 70 kJ of heat to the ambient at 30 deg C is to be designed. The thermal efficiency of the heat engine is
  • a)
    70%
  • b)
    1.88%
  • c)
    12.5%
  • d)
    indeterminate
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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A solar energy based heat engine which receives 80 kJ of heat at 100 d...
Ans. (c) 
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A solar energy based heat engine which receives 80 kJ of heat at 100 d...
Given:
- Heat received by the heat engine, Q1 = 80 kJ
- Temperature at which heat is received, T1 = 100°C
- Heat rejected by the heat engine, Q2 = 70 kJ
- Temperature at which heat is rejected, T2 = 30°C

Formula:
The thermal efficiency of a heat engine is given by the formula:
η = (Q1 - Q2) / Q1 * 100%

Calculation:
Given that the heat received by the heat engine is 80 kJ and the heat rejected is 70 kJ, we can substitute these values into the formula to calculate the thermal efficiency:

η = (Q1 - Q2) / Q1 * 100%
= (80 - 70) / 80 * 100%
= 10 / 80 * 100%
= 0.125 * 100%
= 12.5%

Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the heat engine is 12.5%.

Answer:
The correct option is c) 12.5%.
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