Filtration is a process that involves the separation of solid particles from a fluid or gas by passing it through a porous medium. It is commonly used in various industries such as water treatment, pharmaceuticals, food processing, and many others. Filtration is an effective method for removing suspended solids and other impurities from a liquid or gas stream. However, there are certain misconceptions about filtration.

c) It does not remove turbidity

This statement is incorrect. Filtration is actually a widely used method for removing turbidity from water or other liquids. Turbidity refers to the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by the presence of suspended particles. These particles can be clay, silt, organic matter, or other insoluble materials.

Filtration works by passing the turbid fluid through a porous medium, such as a filter media or a filter cartridge. The porous medium acts as a physical barrier, trapping and removing the suspended particles from the fluid stream. As the fluid passes through the filter, the particles get trapped in the filter media, while the clarified fluid passes through. This results in the removal of turbidity and the production of a clear, filtered liquid.

Filtration is particularly effective in removing fine particles and suspended solids that are not easily removed by sedimentation. Sedimentation is a process in which solid particles settle down under the influence of gravity. While sedimentation can remove larger particles, it is less efficient for smaller particles and colloidal suspensions. Filtration, on the other hand, can effectively remove particles of various sizes, including fine particles and colloids.

Filtration can also remove color from a liquid. Color in water or other liquids can be due to the presence of dissolved organic compounds, dyes, or other substances. These colored compounds can be adsorbed or trapped on the surface of the filter media, resulting in the removal of color from the filtered liquid. However, it is important to note that the effectiveness of filtration in removing color depends on the nature of the color-causing compounds and the type of filter media used.

In summary, filtration is an effective method for removing fine particles, suspended solids, turbidity, and even color from a liquid or gas stream. It is a widely used process in various industries and plays a crucial role in ensuring the quality and purity of the final product.