Merits -1. The participation of the individual members in the government facilitates to enlist their sympathy and co - operation to the success of the government2. It is an effective form to educate the public about political, economic and social affairs.Demerits -1.It sometimes leads to establish the majority view over the minority view.2.Party leaders and political office holders in government control the citizens and the members of the party.

**Demerits of Democracy:**

1. **Mob Rule**: One of the major drawbacks of democracy is the possibility of mob rule. Since decisions are made by the majority, there is a risk of the majority imposing its will on the minority without considering their interests or rights. This can lead to the suppression of minority voices and a lack of protection for their rights.

2. **Inefficient Decision Making**: Democracy often involves lengthy decision-making processes, with multiple consultations and debates. This can result in delays in implementing necessary policies and reforms. Moreover, the need to gain consensus among various factions may lead to compromises that may not be in the best interest of the nation.

3. **Political Instability**: Democracies can be prone to political instability due to frequent elections and changes in leadership. This can hinder long-term planning and continuity in policies, as new governments often revise or reverse the decisions of their predecessors. Additionally, coalition governments formed to secure a majority can be fragile and prone to internal conflicts.

4. **Manipulation and Corruption**: Democratic systems can be susceptible to manipulation and corruption. Politicians may resort to unethical practices, such as vote-buying or making false promises, to gain public support. Money and power often influence the decision-making process, leading to biased policies and a lack of accountability.

**Merits of Democracy:**

1. **Individual Freedom and Rights**: Democracy upholds the principles of individual freedom, human rights, and equality. It provides citizens with the right to express their opinions, participate in decision-making, and hold their leaders accountable. This fosters a sense of empowerment and ensures that all individuals have a voice in shaping their society.

2. **Peaceful Transition of Power**: Democracy allows for the peaceful transfer of power through elections. This reduces the likelihood of violent conflicts and political instability that can arise from authoritarian regimes or autocratic rulers clinging to power. Regular elections provide a mechanism for citizens to express their dissatisfaction and bring about change peacefully.

3. **Pluralistic Society**: A democratic system encourages diversity and inclusivity by respecting different viewpoints, cultures, and beliefs. It promotes dialogue, compromise, and the accommodation of diverse interests, fostering social cohesion and harmony. This allows for a more inclusive representation of society's needs and aspirations.

4. **Accountability and Transparency**: Democracy promotes transparency and accountability as leaders are elected by the people and are answerable to them. Public institutions are expected to act in the best interest of the citizens, and mechanisms such as independent judiciary and media play a crucial role in ensuring accountability. This helps in curbing corruption, promoting good governance, and safeguarding the rule of law.

In conclusion, while democracy has its shortcomings, such as the potential for mob rule and inefficiencies in decision-making, its merits outweigh the demerits. Democracy provides a platform for individual freedom, peaceful transitions of power, pluralism, and accountability. It allows for the representation of diverse interests and the protection of human rights, making it a crucial system for ensuring a just and inclusive society.