Introduction:
In the poem, the poet contrasts city life with life in natural surroundings to emphasize the stark differences between the two and highlight the beauty and tranquility of nature in comparison to the hustle and bustle of city life.

Contrast in Sights:
The poet first presents a vivid description of the city, portraying it as a place of chaos and noise. He mentions the "endless streams of people" and the "endless traffic" that fills the streets. This creates a sense of overcrowding and a fast-paced environment. In contrast, the natural surroundings are depicted as peaceful and serene. The poet describes the "green and shady grove" and the "quiet and still retreat" where one can find solace and escape from the chaos of the city.

Contrast in Sounds:
The poet further contrasts the noise of the city with the calming sounds of nature. He mentions the "rattle of wheels" and the "clang of machinery" in the city, which symbolize the constant noise and commotion. On the other hand, he describes the sounds of nature as soothing and harmonious, such as the "murmuring streams" and the "whispering breeze." These natural sounds create a sense of tranquility and provide a stark contrast to the cacophony of the city.

Contrast in Activities:
The poet also highlights the contrasting activities that take place in the city and natural surroundings. In the city, people are engaged in busy and mundane tasks, such as "buying, selling, bargaining, and borrowing." These activities are associated with materialism and a fast-paced lifestyle. In contrast, the natural surroundings offer a refuge for leisurely activities and contemplation. The poet mentions the enjoyment of "reading, musing, and sauntering" in the peacefulness of nature. These activities represent a slower pace of life and a focus on personal reflection and appreciation of the surroundings.

Conclusion:
Through contrasting city life with life in natural surroundings, the poet emphasizes the beauty and tranquility of nature. The description of the chaotic and noisy city serves as a backdrop to highlight the peacefulness and serenity found in nature. By contrasting the sights, sounds, and activities of city life with those of the natural surroundings, the poet invites the reader to appreciate the simplicity and harmony of the natural world and to seek solace and respite from the pressures of urban living.