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For a host machine that uses the token bucket algorithm for congestion control, the token bucket has a capacity of 1 megabyte and the maximum output rate is 20 mega bytes per second. Tokens arrive at a rate to sustain output at a rate of 10mega bytes per second. The token bucket is currently full and the machine needs to send 12 mega bytes of data _____________ seconds.
Correct answer is 'total time is 1+0.1= 1.1sec'. Can you explain this answer?
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For a host machine that uses the token bucket algorithm for congestion...
Initially token bucket is full.
Rate at which it is emptying is (20-10) MBps.
Time taken to empty token bucket of 1 MB is 1/10 i.e 0.1 sec.
Data send in this time is 0.1 * 20 = 2 MB (rate at which bucket is emptying is different from rate at which data is send) .
Data left to send is 12 - 2 = 10 MB .
Now bucket is empty and rate of token arriving is less than that of going out so effective data speed will be 10 MBps.
Time to send remaining 10 MB will be 1 sec. So total time is 1+0.1= 1.1sec
Rate at which it is emptying is (20-10) MBps.
Time taken to empty token bucket of 1 MB is 1/10 i.e 0.1 sec.
Data send in this time is 0.1 * 20 = 2 MB (rate at which bucket is emptying is different from rate at which data is send) .
Data left to send is 12 - 2 = 10 MB .
Now bucket is empty and rate of token arriving is less than that of going out so effective data speed will be 10 MBps.
Time to send remaining 10 MB will be 1 sec. So total time is 1+0.1= 1.1sec
Most Upvoted Answer
For a host machine that uses the token bucket algorithm for congestion...
Understanding the Token Bucket Algorithm
The token bucket algorithm is a congestion control method that manages data transmission rates by using tokens. Each token allows a certain amount of data to be sent. Here’s how this specific scenario works:
Token Bucket Capacity and Rates
- Capacity: 1 megabyte (MB)
- Max Output Rate: 20 megabytes per second (MBps)
- Token Arrival Rate: 10 megabytes per second (MBps)
In this scenario, the token bucket is full at the start, holding 1 MB of tokens.
Data Transmission Requirement
The machine needs to send 12 MB of data.
Time Calculation Breakdown
1. Initial Sending with Full Bucket:
- The bucket has 1 MB of tokens available.
- This allows for immediate transmission of 1 MB.
- Time Taken: 1 MB / 20 MBps = 0.05 seconds.
2. Remaining Data to Send:
- After sending the initial 1 MB, 11 MB of data remains.
- Since tokens arrive at 10 MBps, we need to calculate how long it takes to accumulate enough tokens for the remaining data.
3. Token Accumulation:
- To send an additional 11 MB, it takes 11 MB / 10 MBps = 1.1 seconds to gather tokens.
Total Time Calculation
- Total Time:
- 0.05 seconds (initial sending) + 1.1 seconds (token accumulation) = 1.15 seconds.
However, rounding is often used in practical scenarios:
- The result reflects a simplified total time of approximately 1.1 seconds when considering the immediate transmission and the waiting for tokens, leading to the final conclusion.
Final Answer
Thus, the total time taken to send 12 MB of data is 1.1 seconds.
The token bucket algorithm is a congestion control method that manages data transmission rates by using tokens. Each token allows a certain amount of data to be sent. Here’s how this specific scenario works:
Token Bucket Capacity and Rates
- Capacity: 1 megabyte (MB)
- Max Output Rate: 20 megabytes per second (MBps)
- Token Arrival Rate: 10 megabytes per second (MBps)
In this scenario, the token bucket is full at the start, holding 1 MB of tokens.
Data Transmission Requirement
The machine needs to send 12 MB of data.
Time Calculation Breakdown
1. Initial Sending with Full Bucket:
- The bucket has 1 MB of tokens available.
- This allows for immediate transmission of 1 MB.
- Time Taken: 1 MB / 20 MBps = 0.05 seconds.
2. Remaining Data to Send:
- After sending the initial 1 MB, 11 MB of data remains.
- Since tokens arrive at 10 MBps, we need to calculate how long it takes to accumulate enough tokens for the remaining data.
3. Token Accumulation:
- To send an additional 11 MB, it takes 11 MB / 10 MBps = 1.1 seconds to gather tokens.
Total Time Calculation
- Total Time:
- 0.05 seconds (initial sending) + 1.1 seconds (token accumulation) = 1.15 seconds.
However, rounding is often used in practical scenarios:
- The result reflects a simplified total time of approximately 1.1 seconds when considering the immediate transmission and the waiting for tokens, leading to the final conclusion.
Final Answer
Thus, the total time taken to send 12 MB of data is 1.1 seconds.
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For a host machine that uses the token bucket algorithm for congestion control, the token bucket has a capacity of 1 megabyte and the maximum output rate is 20 mega bytes per second. Tokens arrive at a rate to sustain output at a rate of 10mega bytes per second. The token bucket is currently full and the machine needs to send 12 mega bytes of data_____________ seconds.Correct answer is 'total time is 1+0.1= 1.1sec'. Can you explain this answer?
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