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When a non-volatile solute is added to a pure solvent, which statement(s) hold true:
- a)V.P. of the solution becomes lower than V.P. of pure solvent.
- b)Rate of evaporation of pure solvent is reduced.
- c)Solute does not affect the rate of condensation.
- d)None of these.
Correct answer is option 'A,B,C'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
When a non-volatile solute is added to a pure solvent, which statement...
-A non-volatile substance refers to a substance that does not readily evaporate into a gas under existing conditions. Non-volatile substances exhibit a low vapor pressure and a high boiling point. Sugar and salt are examples of non-volatile solutes.
-Pure solvent means absence of other substances or impurities. For example From Water and salt solution , Water is pure solvent while because of presence of salt it becomes impure.
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When a non-volatile solute is added to a pure solvent,
V.P. of the solution becomes lower than V.P. of pure solvent.
Rate of evaporation of pure solvent is reduced.
Solute does not affect the rate of condensation.
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When a non-volatile solute is added to a pure solvent, which statement...
Explanation:
When a non-volatile solute is added to a pure solvent, several changes occur in the solution. Let's discuss each statement individually:
a) V.P. of the solution becomes lower than V.P. of pure solvent:
The vapor pressure (V.P.) of a liquid is the pressure exerted by its vapor when it is in equilibrium with its pure liquid state. The vapor pressure is directly proportional to the number of particles escaping from the liquid surface. When a non-volatile solute is added to a pure solvent, the solute particles occupy space on the liquid surface, making it difficult for the solvent particles to escape and enter the vapor phase. As a result, the number of solvent particles escaping decreases, leading to a decrease in the vapor pressure of the solution compared to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent.
b) Rate of evaporation of pure solvent is reduced:
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid changes into a vapor state. In the presence of a non-volatile solute, the solvent particles have to compete with the solute particles for space on the liquid surface. Since the solute particles occupy some of the surface area, the number of solvent particles escaping and evaporating decreases. This reduction in the number of solvent particles evaporating leads to a decrease in the rate of evaporation of the pure solvent.
c) Solute does not affect the rate of condensation:
Condensation is the process by which a vapor changes into a liquid state. The rate of condensation depends on the number of vapor particles colliding and sticking to the liquid surface. The presence of a non-volatile solute does not affect the rate of condensation because the solute particles do not participate in the vapor phase. Therefore, the solute does not affect the rate of condensation.
In conclusion, when a non-volatile solute is added to a pure solvent, the vapor pressure of the solution becomes lower than the vapor pressure of the pure solvent, the rate of evaporation of the pure solvent is reduced, and the solute does not affect the rate of condensation.
When a non-volatile solute is added to a pure solvent, several changes occur in the solution. Let's discuss each statement individually:
a) V.P. of the solution becomes lower than V.P. of pure solvent:
The vapor pressure (V.P.) of a liquid is the pressure exerted by its vapor when it is in equilibrium with its pure liquid state. The vapor pressure is directly proportional to the number of particles escaping from the liquid surface. When a non-volatile solute is added to a pure solvent, the solute particles occupy space on the liquid surface, making it difficult for the solvent particles to escape and enter the vapor phase. As a result, the number of solvent particles escaping decreases, leading to a decrease in the vapor pressure of the solution compared to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent.
b) Rate of evaporation of pure solvent is reduced:
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid changes into a vapor state. In the presence of a non-volatile solute, the solvent particles have to compete with the solute particles for space on the liquid surface. Since the solute particles occupy some of the surface area, the number of solvent particles escaping and evaporating decreases. This reduction in the number of solvent particles evaporating leads to a decrease in the rate of evaporation of the pure solvent.
c) Solute does not affect the rate of condensation:
Condensation is the process by which a vapor changes into a liquid state. The rate of condensation depends on the number of vapor particles colliding and sticking to the liquid surface. The presence of a non-volatile solute does not affect the rate of condensation because the solute particles do not participate in the vapor phase. Therefore, the solute does not affect the rate of condensation.
In conclusion, when a non-volatile solute is added to a pure solvent, the vapor pressure of the solution becomes lower than the vapor pressure of the pure solvent, the rate of evaporation of the pure solvent is reduced, and the solute does not affect the rate of condensation.
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