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Which of the following statement(s) is/are true for SN1 reaction?
I. The rate of SN1 reaction depends on concentration of alkyl halide
II. The rate of SN1 reaction depends on concentration of nucleophile
III. SN1 reactions of alkyl halides are favoured by non-polar solvents
  • a)
    Only I
  • b)
    Only II
  • c)
    Only III
  • d)
    Both I and III
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
Which of the following statement(s) is/are true for SN1 reaction?I. Th...
Rate of SN1 reaction is directly proportional to concentration of alkyl halide but independent of concentration of nucleophile. Non-polar solvents play no role in SN1 reaction.
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Which of the following statement(s) is/are true for SN1 reaction?I. Th...
SN1 reaction is a type of nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate-determining step involves the formation of a carbocation intermediate. The following statements are true for SN1 reaction:

I. Concentration of alkyl halide affects the rate of reaction:

In SN1 reaction, the rate-determining step involves the formation of a carbocation intermediate. The rate of this step depends on the concentration of the alkyl halide as it is involved in the formation of the carbocation intermediate. The higher the concentration of the alkyl halide, the faster the rate of reaction.

II. Concentration of nucleophile does not affect the rate of reaction:

In SN1 reaction, the nucleophile attacks the carbocation intermediate formed in the rate-determining step. Since the rate-determining step does not involve the nucleophile, the concentration of the nucleophile does not affect the rate of reaction.

III. Non-polar solvents favor SN1 reactions of alkyl halides:

In SN1 reaction, the carbocation intermediate formed in the rate-determining step is stabilized by polar solvents. Non-polar solvents do not stabilize carbocation intermediates, which leads to the formation of the intermediate more easily. Therefore, non-polar solvents favor SN1 reactions of alkyl halides.

In conclusion, statement I is true for SN1 reaction as the rate of reaction depends on the concentration of alkyl halide. Statement II is false as the concentration of nucleophile does not affect the rate of reaction. Statement III is true as non-polar solvents favor SN1 reactions of alkyl halides.
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Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:Nucleophilic substitution reaction of haloalkane can be conducted according to both SN1 and SN2 mechanisms. However, which mechanism it is based on is related to such factors as the structure of haloalkane, and properties of leaving group, nucleophilic reagent and solvent. Influences of halogen: No matter which mechanism the nucleophilic substitution reaction is based on, the leaving group always leave the central carbon atom with electron pair. This is just the opposite of the situation that nucleophilic reagent attacks the central carbon atom with electron pair. Therefore, the weaker the alkalinity of leaving group is , the more stable the anion formed is and it will be more easier for the leaving group to leave the central carbon atom; that is to say, the reactant is more easier to be substituted. The alkalinity order of halogen ion is I− < Br− < Cl− < F− and the order of their leaving tendency should be I− > Br− > Cl− > F−. Therefore, in four halides with the same alkyl and different halogens, the order of substitution reaction rate is RI > RBr > RCl > RF. In addition, if the leaving group is very easy to leave, many carbocation intermediates are generated in the reaction and the reaction is based on SN1 mechanism. If the leaving group is not easy to leave, the reaction is based on SN2 mechanism. Influences of solvent polarity: In SN1 reaction, the polarity of the system increases from the reactant to the transition state, because polar solvent has a greater stabilizing effect on the transition state than the reactant, thereby reduce activation energy and accelerate the reaction. In SN2 reaction, the polarity of the system generally does not change from the reactant to the transition state and only charge dispersion occurs. At this time, polar solvent has a great stabilizing effect on Nu than the transition state, thereby increasing activation energy and slow down the reaction rate. For example, the decomposition rate (SN1) of tertiary chlorobutane in 25° water (dielectric constant 79) is 300000 times faster than in ethanol (dielectric constant 24). The reaction rate (SN2) of 2-bromopropane and NaOH in ethanol containing 40% water is twice slower than in absolute ethanol. In a word, the level of solvent polarity has influence on both SN1 and SN2 reactions, but with different results. Generally speaking, weak polar solvent is favorable for SN2 reaction, while strong polar solvent is favorable for SN1 reaction, because only under the action of polar solvent can halogenated hydrocarbon dissociate into carbocation and halogen ion and solvents with a strong polarity is favorable for solvation of carbocation, increasing its stability. Generally speaking, the substitution reaction of tertiary haloalkane is based on SN1 mechanism in solvents with a strong polarity (for example, ethanol containing water).Q. Polar solvents make the reaction faster as they

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Which of the following statement(s) is/are true for SN1 reaction?I. The rate of SN1 reaction depends on concentration of alkyl halideII. The rate of SN1 reaction depends on concentration of nucleophileIII. SN1 reactions of alkyl halides are favoured by non-polar solventsa)Only Ib)Only IIc)Only IIId)Both I and IIICorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Which of the following statement(s) is/are true for SN1 reaction?I. The rate of SN1 reaction depends on concentration of alkyl halideII. The rate of SN1 reaction depends on concentration of nucleophileIII. SN1 reactions of alkyl halides are favoured by non-polar solventsa)Only Ib)Only IIc)Only IIId)Both I and IIICorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? for Class 12 2024 is part of Class 12 preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Class 12 exam syllabus. Information about Which of the following statement(s) is/are true for SN1 reaction?I. The rate of SN1 reaction depends on concentration of alkyl halideII. The rate of SN1 reaction depends on concentration of nucleophileIII. SN1 reactions of alkyl halides are favoured by non-polar solventsa)Only Ib)Only IIc)Only IIId)Both I and IIICorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Class 12 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Which of the following statement(s) is/are true for SN1 reaction?I. The rate of SN1 reaction depends on concentration of alkyl halideII. The rate of SN1 reaction depends on concentration of nucleophileIII. SN1 reactions of alkyl halides are favoured by non-polar solventsa)Only Ib)Only IIc)Only IIId)Both I and IIICorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?.
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