Filtration process for water purification

Filtration is a process of removing impurities or suspended particles from water by passing it through a bed of fine granular material. The filtration process is an essential part of the water treatment process.

Materials used for filtration

Various materials are used for filtration, including sand, gravel, anthracite coal, activated carbon, and diatomaceous earth.

Types of filtration

There are two types of filtration, namely, slow sand filtration and rapid sand filtration. Slow sand filtration is a natural process in which water is passed through a bed of sand and gravel to remove impurities. Rapid sand filtration is an artificial process in which water is passed through a bed of granular material at a high rate to remove impurities.

Working of filtration process

The filtration process works on the principle of physical adsorption. When water is passed through a bed of granular material, the suspended particles in the water get trapped in the voids between the granules of the filter bed. As a result, the water that comes out of the filtration process is free from suspended particles.

Advantages of filtration

Filtration is an effective method of removing impurities from water. It is a cost-effective method of water treatment. The filtration process is easy to operate and maintain. It is also environmentally friendly.

Conclusion

Filtration is an essential process in water treatment. It helps in removing impurities from water and making it safe for consumption. The filtration process is simple and cost-effective, making it an ideal method for water treatment.

In sedimentation water is not allowed to pass through any type of medium .
In filtration such as slow sand or rapid sand filter a bed of fine granular material is uses to purifying water