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In XA5, the central atom has (both X and A are halogens)
- a)5 bond pairs and no lone pairs
- b)5 bond pairs and one lone pair
- c)6 bond pairs and no lone pairs
- d)4 bond pairs and one lone pair
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
In XA5, thecentral atom has (both X and A are halogens)a)5 bond pairs ...
It has square pyramidal shape and it has 5 bond pairs and one lone pair.
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In XA5, thecentral atom has (both X and A are halogens)a)5 bond pairs ...
In XA5, the central atom has 5 bond pairs and one lone pair. This can be explained by looking at the electronic configuration and bonding pattern of the halogens.
1. Electronic configuration:
Halogens belong to Group 17 of the periodic table, also known as the halogens. They have 7 valence electrons in their outermost shell. In order to achieve a stable octet (8 valence electrons), halogens tend to gain one electron by forming a single covalent bond.
2. Bonding pattern:
In XA5, the central atom forms bonds with 5 other halogen atoms (represented by X). Each halogen atom contributes one electron to form a covalent bond with the central atom. As a result, the central atom is surrounded by 5 bond pairs.
3. Lone pair:
In addition to the 5 bond pairs, the central atom also has one lone pair. A lone pair is a pair of valence electrons that are not involved in bonding with other atoms. It is localized on the central atom and occupies a region of space around it.
The presence of the lone pair in XA5 can be explained by the electronic configuration of the central atom. Since the central atom has 7 valence electrons, after forming 5 covalent bonds, it still has 2 valence electrons that are unpaired. These two electrons form a lone pair on the central atom, resulting in a total of 6 electron pairs around the central atom (5 bond pairs and one lone pair).
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B' - the central atom in XA5 has 5 bond pairs and one lone pair.
1. Electronic configuration:
Halogens belong to Group 17 of the periodic table, also known as the halogens. They have 7 valence electrons in their outermost shell. In order to achieve a stable octet (8 valence electrons), halogens tend to gain one electron by forming a single covalent bond.
2. Bonding pattern:
In XA5, the central atom forms bonds with 5 other halogen atoms (represented by X). Each halogen atom contributes one electron to form a covalent bond with the central atom. As a result, the central atom is surrounded by 5 bond pairs.
3. Lone pair:
In addition to the 5 bond pairs, the central atom also has one lone pair. A lone pair is a pair of valence electrons that are not involved in bonding with other atoms. It is localized on the central atom and occupies a region of space around it.
The presence of the lone pair in XA5 can be explained by the electronic configuration of the central atom. Since the central atom has 7 valence electrons, after forming 5 covalent bonds, it still has 2 valence electrons that are unpaired. These two electrons form a lone pair on the central atom, resulting in a total of 6 electron pairs around the central atom (5 bond pairs and one lone pair).
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B' - the central atom in XA5 has 5 bond pairs and one lone pair.
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