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In lime-soda process of water softening
- a)only carbonate hardness is removed
- b)only non-carbonate hardness is removed
- c)lime reduces non-carbonate hardness, and soda removes carbonate hardness
- d)lime reduces carbonate hardness, and soda removes non-carbonate hardness
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Verified Answer
In lime-soda process of water softeninga)only carbonate hardness is re...
Lime helps in removing the entire carbonate hardness (i.e. carbonate hardness caused by Ca as well as that caused by Mg), and it reacts with noncarbonate hardness of Mg to convert the same into non-carbonate hardness of Ca. The non-carbonate hardness of Ca is finally removed by Soda. Lime also helps in removing the free dissolved carbon dioxide, if and when it exists in the given
water
water
Most Upvoted Answer
In lime-soda process of water softeninga)only carbonate hardness is re...
The lime-soda process is a water softening technique that involves the use of lime (calcium hydroxide) and soda ash (sodium carbonate) to remove hardness-causing ions from water. The process involves several chemical reactions that result in the formation of insoluble precipitates that can be removed through sedimentation or filtration.
Hardness in water can be classified into two types: carbonate hardness and non-carbonate hardness. Carbonate hardness is caused by the presence of bicarbonate and carbonate ions, while non-carbonate hardness is caused by the presence of calcium and magnesium ions in the form of sulfates, chlorides, and nitrates.
Lime-Soda Process
The lime-soda process involves the following steps:
1. Addition of lime: Lime is added to water to raise its pH and precipitate calcium and magnesium ions in the form of calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. The chemical equation for the reaction is as follows:
Ca(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 → 2CaCO3↓ + 2H2O
Mg(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 → Mg(OH)2↓ + CaCO3↓ + 2H2O
2. Addition of soda ash: Soda ash is added to water to remove bicarbonate and carbonate ions by forming insoluble precipitates of calcium and magnesium carbonates. The chemical equation for the reaction is as follows:
Ca(HCO3)2 + Na2CO3 → CaCO3↓ + 2NaHCO3
Mg(HCO3)2 + Na2CO3 → MgCO3↓ + 2NaHCO3
3. Sedimentation and filtration: The precipitates formed by the addition of lime and soda ash are allowed to settle down, and the clear water is then filtered to remove any remaining suspended particles.
Conclusion
In the lime-soda process of water softening, lime is used to reduce carbonate hardness by precipitating calcium and magnesium ions in the form of hydroxides. Soda ash is used to remove non-carbonate hardness by forming insoluble precipitates of calcium and magnesium carbonates. The process is effective in removing both types of hardness and results in soft water suitable for domestic and industrial use.
Hardness in water can be classified into two types: carbonate hardness and non-carbonate hardness. Carbonate hardness is caused by the presence of bicarbonate and carbonate ions, while non-carbonate hardness is caused by the presence of calcium and magnesium ions in the form of sulfates, chlorides, and nitrates.
Lime-Soda Process
The lime-soda process involves the following steps:
1. Addition of lime: Lime is added to water to raise its pH and precipitate calcium and magnesium ions in the form of calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. The chemical equation for the reaction is as follows:
Ca(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 → 2CaCO3↓ + 2H2O
Mg(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 → Mg(OH)2↓ + CaCO3↓ + 2H2O
2. Addition of soda ash: Soda ash is added to water to remove bicarbonate and carbonate ions by forming insoluble precipitates of calcium and magnesium carbonates. The chemical equation for the reaction is as follows:
Ca(HCO3)2 + Na2CO3 → CaCO3↓ + 2NaHCO3
Mg(HCO3)2 + Na2CO3 → MgCO3↓ + 2NaHCO3
3. Sedimentation and filtration: The precipitates formed by the addition of lime and soda ash are allowed to settle down, and the clear water is then filtered to remove any remaining suspended particles.
Conclusion
In the lime-soda process of water softening, lime is used to reduce carbonate hardness by precipitating calcium and magnesium ions in the form of hydroxides. Soda ash is used to remove non-carbonate hardness by forming insoluble precipitates of calcium and magnesium carbonates. The process is effective in removing both types of hardness and results in soft water suitable for domestic and industrial use.
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In lime-soda process of water softeninga)only carbonate hardness is removedb)only non-carbonate hardness is removedc)lime reduces non-carbonate hardness, and soda removes carbonate hardnessd)lime reduces carbonate hardness, and soda removes non-carbonate hardnessCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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