Answer:

The method used to separate a dissolved solid component from its solution is evaporation.

Evaporation is a process in which a liquid component of a solution is converted into its gaseous state by heating. It is a widely used method to separate a dissolved solid component from its solution.

Here is a detailed explanation of how evaporation works as a method of separation:

1. Heating the solution: The first step in the process of evaporation is to heat the solution containing the dissolved solid component. This is usually done by placing the solution in a container and applying heat from a heat source such as a Bunsen burner or a hot plate.

2. Vaporization of the liquid: As the solution is heated, the liquid component starts to vaporize. The heat energy provided to the solution increases the kinetic energy of the liquid molecules, causing them to escape from the solution in the form of vapor.

3. Separation of the solid component: While the liquid component vaporizes, the solid component remains in the container. This is because the solid does not vaporize at the same temperature as the liquid. As a result, the solid component is left behind as a residue in the container.

4. Condensation: The vaporized liquid component is then cooled down, causing it to condense back into its liquid state. This condensed liquid can be collected separately from the solid residue.

5. Collection of the solid residue: Once the liquid component has been separated, the solid residue can be collected using various methods such as scraping it off the container or filtering it out.

Overall, evaporation is an effective method for separating a dissolved solid component from its solution. It relies on the difference in boiling points between the liquid and the solid to achieve separation. Evaporation is commonly used in various industries and laboratories for processes such as salt production, purification of water, and separation of solvents from chemical solutions.