A breeder reactor is a type of nuclear reactor that is designed to produce more fissile material (such as plutonium-239) than it consumes. This is achieved by using fertile material (such as uranium-238) as fuel and converting it into fissile material through the process of nuclear transmutation.

Conversion Ratio Greater than 1:
The conversion ratio of a breeder reactor refers to the ratio of new fissile material produced to the fissile material consumed. In other words, it is the ratio of the amount of plutonium-239 produced to the amount of uranium-238 consumed.

In a breeder reactor, the conversion ratio is typically greater than 1, which means that it generates more fissile material than it consumes. This is one of the key characteristics of a breeder reactor and distinguishes it from other types of reactors, such as light water reactors, which have a conversion ratio less than 1.

Generating More Fissile Material:
The ability of a breeder reactor to generate more fissile material than it consumes is highly advantageous from an energy perspective. It allows for the efficient utilization of nuclear fuel resources and reduces the need for additional mining and enrichment of uranium.

By converting fertile material into fissile material, breeder reactors can extend the availability of nuclear fuel and potentially provide an almost limitless supply of energy. This is particularly beneficial in light of the finite nature of conventional uranium reserves.

Benefits and Challenges:
The ability of breeder reactors to generate more fissile material has significant benefits. It reduces the dependence on external fuel sources, enhances energy security, and minimizes the generation of long-lived radioactive waste.

However, breeder reactors also pose challenges in terms of safety, proliferation concerns, and the management of radioactive waste. The production of plutonium-239, which is a key fissile material, raises concerns about the potential misuse of this material for nuclear weapons. Therefore, strict safeguards and non-proliferation measures are necessary for the deployment of breeder reactors.

Overall, breeder reactors have the potential to greatly contribute to the world's energy needs by efficiently utilizing nuclear fuel resources and minimizing waste. Their ability to generate more fissile material than they consume makes them a promising option for sustainable and long-term energy production.