Alcohol as a Manometer Fluid

Manometers are devices that are used to measure pressure. They operate on the principle that the pressure of a fluid at rest is directly proportional to the height of the fluid column. There are different types of manometers, including the U-tube manometer, inclined-tube manometer, and well-type manometer. In all these types, the fluid column is usually filled with a liquid that has suitable properties to enable accurate pressure measurement. Alcohol is commonly used as a manometer fluid because of its unique properties.

Low Density

One of the main reasons why alcohol is used as a manometer fluid is that it has a low density. This means that it can provide a longer column in the manometer compared to other fluids with higher densities. The longer the column, the more accurate the pressure measurement. This is because a longer column can amplify even small differences in pressure and give a more precise reading.

Low Vapour Pressure

Alcohol also has a low vapour pressure, which means that it is less likely to evaporate and change the pressure in the manometer. This is important because any changes in the pressure of the fluid column can affect the accuracy of the measurement. The low vapour pressure of alcohol makes it a stable and reliable manometer fluid.

Easy to See

Another advantage of using alcohol as a manometer fluid is that it is clear and easy to see. This means that it is easier to read the height of the fluid column accurately. Some other fluids, such as mercury, are opaque and harder to read. The clarity of alcohol also makes it easier to detect any bubbles or other impurities that may affect the pressure measurement.

Conclusion

In summary, alcohol is used as a manometer fluid because of its low density, low vapour pressure, and clear visibility. These properties make it an ideal fluid for accurate pressure measurement.