Explanation:

QuickSort is a sorting algorithm that works on the principle of divide and conquer. In QuickSort, we choose a pivot element and partition the array such that all elements smaller than the pivot are to the left of it, and all elements greater than the pivot are to the right of it. Then we recursively sort the left and right subarrays.

In this problem, we are given two inputs: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and {4, 1, 5, 3, 2}. Let's see how many comparisons are made by QuickSort for each input.

For the input {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}:
- The first pivot is 1. We compare it with all other elements in the array, making 4 comparisons.
- After partitioning, we have two subarrays: {2, 3, 4, 5} and {}. For the left subarray, the pivot is 2. We compare it with all other elements in the subarray, making 3 comparisons. For the right subarray, there is only one element, so no comparisons are made.
- After partitioning the left subarray, we have two subarrays: {3, 4, 5} and {}. For the left subarray, the pivot is 3. We compare it with all other elements in the subarray, making 2 comparisons. For the right subarray, there are no elements, so no comparisons are made.
- After partitioning the left subarray, we have two subarrays: {4, 5} and {}. For the left subarray, the pivot is 4. We compare it with all other elements in the subarray, making 1 comparison. For the right subarray, there is only one element, so no comparisons are made.
- After partitioning the left subarray, we have two subarrays: {5} and {}. There is only one element, so no comparisons are made.

Therefore, the total number of comparisons made by QuickSort for the input {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} is 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 + 0 = 10.

For the input {4, 1, 5, 3, 2}:
- The first pivot is 4. We compare it with all other elements in the array, making 4 comparisons.
- After partitioning, we have two subarrays: {1, 3, 2} and {5}. For the left subarray, the pivot is 1. We compare it with all other elements in the subarray, making 2 comparisons. For the right subarray, there is only one element, so no comparisons are made.
- After partitioning the left subarray, we have two subarrays: {3, 2} and {}. For the left subarray, the pivot is 3. We compare it with one element, making 1 comparison. For the right subarray, there is only one element, so no comparisons are made.
- After partitioning the left subarray, we have two subarrays: {2} and {}. There is only one element, so no comparisons are made.

Therefore, the total number of comparisons made by QuickSort for the input {4, 1, 5, 3