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Which species has the maximum number of lone pair of electrons on the central atom? (2005S)
  • a)
    [ClO3]-
  • b)
    XeF4
  • c)
    SF4
  • d)
    [I3]-
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Solution:

To determine the species with the maximum number of lone pair of electrons on the central atom, we need to examine the Lewis structures and electron configurations of each species.

1. [ClO3]-
The Lewis structure for [ClO3]- is:
O = Cl = O
with a single bond between Cl and each O atom, and three lone pairs of electrons on each O atom. The Cl atom has 3 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair of electrons.

2. XeF4
The Lewis structure for XeF4 is:
F - Xe - F
|
F
with a single bond between Xe and each F atom, and two lone pairs of electrons on each F atom. The Xe atom has 4 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs of electrons.

3. SF4
The Lewis structure for SF4 is:
F - S - F
|
F
with a single bond between S and each F atom, and one lone pair of electrons on the S atom. The S atom has 4 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair of electrons.

4. [I3]-
The Lewis structure for [I3]- is:
I - I - I
with a single bond between each I atom, and two lone pairs of electrons on each I atom. Each I atom has 2 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs of electrons.

Based on the Lewis structures, we can determine the number of lone pairs of electrons on the central atom for each species:

- [ClO3]- has 1 lone pair of electrons on the central Cl atom.
- XeF4 has 2 lone pairs of electrons on the central Xe atom.
- SF4 has 1 lone pair of electrons on the central S atom.
- [I3]- has 2 lone pairs of electrons on each central I atom.

Therefore, the species with the maximum number of lone pair of electrons on the central atom is [I3]-, which has 2 lone pairs of electrons on each central I atom.
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