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The molecule which has zero dipole moment is :
  • a)
    CH2Cl2
  • b)
    BF3 (1989 - 1 Mark)
  • c)
    NF3
  • d)
    ClO2
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
The molecule which has zero dipole moment is :a)CH2Cl2b)BF3 (1989 - 1 ...
TIPS/Formulae : Dipole moment of compound having regular geometry and same type of atoms is zero. It is vector quantity.
The zero dipole moment of BF3 is due to its symmetrical (triangular planar) structure. The three fluorine atoms lie at the corners of an equilateral triangle with boron at the centre.
NOTE : The vectorial addition of the dipole moments of the three bonds gives a net sum of zero because the resultant of any two dipole moments is equal and opposite to the third. The dipole moment of NH3 is 1.46 D indicating its unsymmetrical structure. The dipole moment of CH2Cl2 (the molecule uses sp3 hybridisation but is not symmetric) is 1.57D.
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