Introduction:
In a control system, overshoot refers to the maximum deviation of the controlled variable from its desired value before it settles down. Large overshoot can have a negative impact on system performance and stability. There are several factors that can contribute to large overshoot in a control system, and in this case, the most likely reason is the presence of high positive correcting torque.

Explanation:
Overshoot occurs when the control system response exceeds the desired value before settling down. It is typically observed in systems with high gain or large time delays. However, in this scenario, the most likely reason for large overshoot is the presence of high positive correcting torque.


When a control system experiences a disturbance or error, it tries to correct the error by applying a correcting torque. In this case, the correcting torque is positive, meaning it is in the same direction as the disturbance. This positive torque is applied to counteract the effect of the disturbance and bring the system back to the desired value.


A high positive correcting torque can lead to large overshoot because it tends to overcompensate for the disturbance. The system response becomes more aggressive in trying to correct the error, resulting in a larger deviation from the desired value before settling down.


For example, consider a control system that regulates the speed of a motor. If the motor experiences an increase in load torque (disturbance), the control system responds by applying a positive correcting torque to bring the speed back to the desired value. However, if the positive correcting torque is too high, the motor speed may overshoot the desired value before settling down. This is because the control system is trying to counteract the disturbance too aggressively, leading to a larger deviation from the desired value.


In summary, the most likely reason for large overshoot in a control system is the presence of high positive correcting torque. This occurs when the control system applies a torque in the same direction as the disturbance, leading to an overcompensation and a larger deviation from the desired value before settling down.