A binary relation R on N x N is defined as follows:(a, b) R (c, d) if ...
THEORY: REFLEXTIVE RELATION: A relation ‘R’ on a set ‘A’ is said to be reflexive if, (xRx) for every x£A. Ex. If A= {1,2} And R, and P be a relation on AxA, defined as, R= {(2,2),(1,1)} => R is reflexive as it contains all pair of type (xRx). P= {(1,1)} => P is not reflexive relation on A, as it doesn’t contain (2,2). TRANSITIVE RELATION: A relation ‘R’ on set ‘A’ is said to be transitive if (xRy) and (yRz), then (xRz) for every x,y,z £A. Ex: if A= {1,2} Let R be a relation on AxA, defined as, R= {(1,1),(1,2),(2,1)} => R is transitive. SOLUTION: Given, (a, b) R (c, d) if a <= c or b <= d i.Check for reflexivity: if an element of set be (a,b) then, (a,b)R(a,b) should hold true. Here, a<=a or b<=b. So, (a,b)R(a,b) holds true. Hence, ‘R’ is reflexive. ii. Check for transitivity: if elements of set be (2,3),(3,1) and(1,1) Then, (2,3)R(3,1) as 2<=3 And (3,1)R(1,1) as 1<=1 But (2,3)R(1,1) doesn’t hold true as 2>=1 and 3>=1. Hence, R is reflexive but not transitive.