Mineral Acids:
Mineral acids are a class of inorganic acids that are derived from minerals. They are typically strong acids that dissociate completely in water to produce hydrogen ions (H+) and their corresponding anions. These acids are widely used in various industries for different purposes, including manufacturing chemicals, cleaning agents, and pH regulation in laboratory settings.

Explanation:
Among the given options, hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a mineral acid. Let's understand why:

Citric acid:
- Citric acid is a weak organic acid that occurs naturally in citrus fruits.
- It is commonly used as a food additive and flavoring agent.
- Although it is an acid, it is not classified as a mineral acid because it is derived from organic sources.

Hydrochloric acid:
- Hydrochloric acid is a strong, highly corrosive mineral acid.
- It is a clear, colorless liquid with a pungent odor.
- It is commonly used in laboratories, industries, and as a household cleaning agent.
- Hydrochloric acid is derived from minerals, specifically chlorine (Cl) and hydrogen (H).
- When dissolved in water, it dissociates completely into hydrogen ions (H+) and chloride ions (Cl-).

Ascorbic acid:
- Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, is an organic acid.
- It is found in various fruits and vegetables and is essential for human health.
- Ascorbic acid is not classified as a mineral acid because it is derived from organic sources.

Tartaric acid:
- Tartaric acid is a weak organic acid that occurs naturally in many fruits.
- It is commonly used in food and beverage industries as a flavoring and acidifying agent.
- Similar to citric acid and ascorbic acid, tartaric acid is not a mineral acid as it is derived from organic sources.

Therefore, the correct answer is hydrochloric acid (option B) as it is a mineral acid derived from minerals and dissociates completely in water to produce hydrogen ions and chloride ions.