Dipoles in any electric field undergo polarization.

Polarization of Dipoles
Polarization is the process by which the dipoles align themselves in response to an external electric field. A dipole consists of two equal and opposite charges separated by a small distance. When placed in an electric field, the positive charge experiences a force in the direction of the electric field, while the negative charge experiences a force in the opposite direction. This causes the dipole to rotate and align itself with the electric field.

Effects of Polarization
Polarization of dipoles in an electric field has several effects:

1. Electric Field Induced by Polarized Dipoles:
When the dipoles align themselves in an electric field, they create an induced electric field that opposes the external field. This induced field weakens the overall electric field in the vicinity of the dipoles.

2. Dielectric Material:
When a material contains a large number of polarizable dipoles, it is called a dielectric material. The polarization of dipoles in dielectric materials increases the capacitance and energy storage capacity of the material. Dielectric materials are commonly used in capacitors to increase their efficiency.

3. Electric Dipole Moment:
The polarization of dipoles results in the creation of an electric dipole moment. The electric dipole moment is the product of the magnitude of the charge and the distance between the charges in the dipole. It is a measure of the strength of the dipole.

4. Induced Surface Charges:
When dipoles align in an electric field, they induce surface charges on the objects they are attached to. These induced surface charges can attract or repel other charged objects in the vicinity.

Conclusion
In conclusion, dipoles in any electric field undergo polarization. This process involves the alignment of the dipoles with the electric field, resulting in the creation of an induced electric field, dielectric properties in materials, electric dipole moments, and induced surface charges. Polarization is an important phenomenon in electrical engineering and has various applications in capacitors, insulators, and other electronic devices.