𝙈𝙪𝙡𝙩𝙞𝙥𝙡𝙚 𝘾𝙝𝙤𝙞𝙘𝙚 𝙌𝙪𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝘼𝙜𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣
𝘽𝙧𝙞𝙚𝙛 𝘾𝙤𝙣𝙘𝙚𝙥𝙩𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙇𝙚𝙨𝙨𝙤𝙣 –
1. 𝙋𝙧𝙤𝙩𝙤 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙯𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 – 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙚𝙖𝙧𝙡𝙮 𝙥𝙝𝙖𝙨𝙚𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙯𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙞𝙣 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙡𝙖𝙧𝙜𝙚 𝙨𝙘𝙖𝙡𝙚 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙘𝙖𝙧𝙧𝙞𝙚𝙙 𝙤𝙪𝙩 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙖𝙡 𝙢𝙖𝙧𝙠𝙚𝙩 𝙣𝙤𝙩 𝙖𝙩 𝙛𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙚𝙨 𝙗𝙪𝙩 𝙞𝙣 𝙙𝙚𝙘𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙯𝙚𝙙 𝙪𝙣𝙞𝙩𝙨.

2. 𝙎𝙥𝙞𝙣𝙣𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙅𝙚𝙣𝙣𝙮 – 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙨𝙥𝙚𝙚𝙙𝙚𝙙 𝙪𝙥 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙨𝙥𝙞𝙣𝙣𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙘𝙚𝙨𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙧𝙚𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙚𝙙 𝙡𝙖𝙗𝙤𝙪𝙧 𝙙𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙙.




3. 𝙏𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙬𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙖𝙨𝙨𝙤𝙘𝙞𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙙 𝙘𝙧𝙖𝙛𝙩𝙨 𝙥𝙚𝙤𝙥𝙡𝙚, 𝙢𝙖𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙙 𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙤𝙡 𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙧𝙚𝙜𝙪𝙡𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙚𝙩𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙚𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙮 𝙤𝙛 𝙣𝙚𝙬 𝙥𝙚𝙤𝙥𝙡𝙚 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙙𝙚 𝙬𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙠𝙣𝙤𝙬𝙣 𝙖𝙨 𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙙𝙚 𝙜𝙪𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙨.

4. 𝘼𝙣 𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙡𝙤𝙮𝙚𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙨 𝙬𝙝𝙤𝙨𝙚 𝙟𝙤𝙗 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙩𝙤 𝙜𝙚𝙩 𝙣𝙚𝙬 𝙧𝙚𝙘𝙧𝙪𝙞𝙩𝙨 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙡𝙨 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙠𝙣𝙤𝙬𝙣 𝙖𝙨 𝙟𝙤𝙗𝙗𝙚𝙧.




5. 𝘾𝙤𝙩𝙩𝙖𝙜𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙥𝙤𝙤𝙧 𝙥𝙚𝙖𝙨𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙨 𝙬𝙝𝙤 𝙝𝙖𝙙 𝙚𝙖𝙧𝙡𝙞𝙚𝙧 𝙙𝙚𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙙 𝙤𝙣 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙢𝙤𝙣 𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙞𝙧 𝙨𝙪𝙧𝙫𝙞𝙫𝙖𝙡, 𝙜𝙖𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙞𝙧 𝙛𝙞𝙧𝙚𝙬𝙤𝙤𝙙, 𝙗𝙖𝙧𝙧𝙞𝙚𝙧𝙨, 𝙫𝙚𝙜𝙚𝙩𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙚𝙨, 𝙡𝙖𝙮 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙬 𝙝𝙖𝙙 𝙩𝙤 𝙣𝙤𝙬 𝙩𝙖𝙠𝙚 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙖𝙡𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚 𝙨𝙤𝙪𝙧𝙘𝙚𝙨 𝙤𝙣 𝙞𝙣𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙚.

6. 𝙄𝙣 𝙢𝙤𝙨𝙩 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙧𝙚𝙜𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨, 𝙬𝙤𝙧𝙠𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙘𝙖𝙢𝙚 𝙛𝙧𝙤𝙢 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙙𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙩 𝙖𝙧𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙙. 𝙋𝙚𝙖𝙨𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝘼𝙧𝙩𝙞𝙨𝙖𝙣𝙨 𝙬𝙝𝙤 𝙛𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙙 𝙣𝙤 𝙬𝙤𝙧𝙠 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙫𝙞𝙡𝙡𝙖𝙜𝙚 𝙬𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙩𝙤 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙘𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙞𝙣 𝙨𝙚𝙖𝙧𝙘𝙝 𝙤𝙛 𝙬𝙤𝙧𝙠.

7. 𝘽𝙮 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙡𝙖𝙩𝙚 19𝙩𝙝 𝙘𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙮 𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙛𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙚𝙨 𝙬𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙘𝙖𝙡𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙨 𝙩𝙤 𝙥𝙤𝙥𝙪𝙡𝙖𝙧𝙞𝙯𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙞𝙧 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩𝙨. 𝙐𝙣𝙡𝙞𝙠𝙚 𝙣𝙚𝙬𝙨𝙥𝙖𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙, 𝙢𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙯𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙨, 𝙘𝙖𝙡𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙨 𝙬𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙪𝙨𝙚𝙙 𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙣 𝙗𝙮 𝙥𝙚𝙤𝙥𝙡𝙚 𝙬𝙝𝙤 𝙘𝙤𝙪𝙡𝙙 𝙣𝙤𝙩 𝙧𝙚𝙖𝙙. 𝙏𝙝𝙚𝙮 𝙬𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙝𝙪𝙧𝙧𝙮 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙚𝙖 𝙨𝙝𝙤𝙥𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙞𝙣 𝙥𝙤𝙤𝙧 𝙥𝙚𝙤𝙥𝙡𝙚’𝙨 𝙝𝙤𝙢𝙚𝙨 𝙟𝙪𝙨𝙩 𝙖𝙨 𝙢𝙪𝙘𝙝 𝙖𝙨 𝙞𝙣 𝙤𝙛𝙛𝙞𝙘𝙚𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙢𝙞𝙙𝙙𝙡𝙚 𝙘𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙨 𝙖𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙨.

26 𝙈𝙪𝙡𝙩𝙞𝙥𝙡𝙚 𝘾𝙝𝙤𝙞𝙘𝙚 𝙌𝙪𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝘼𝙜𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣

𝙌.1: - 𝙂𝙪𝙞𝙡𝙙𝙨 𝙬𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙖𝙨𝙨𝙤𝙘𝙞𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙤𝙛-
(𝙖) 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙯𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣
(𝙗) 𝙀𝙭𝙥𝙤𝙧𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙨
(𝙘) 𝙏𝙧𝙖𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙨
(𝙙) 𝙋𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙚𝙧𝙨

𝙌.2: - 𝙒𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙤𝙡𝙡𝙤𝙬𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙗𝙚𝙨𝙩 𝙙𝙚𝙛𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙨 𝙖 𝙅𝙤𝙗𝙗𝙚𝙧.
(𝙖) 𝙀𝙢𝙥𝙡𝙤𝙮𝙚𝙙 𝙗𝙮 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙨 𝙩𝙤 𝙜𝙚𝙩 𝙣𝙚𝙬 𝙧𝙚𝙘𝙧𝙪𝙞𝙩𝙨
(𝙗) 𝙊𝙡𝙙 𝙩𝙧𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙬𝙤𝙧𝙠𝙚𝙧
(𝙘) 𝙋𝙚𝙧𝙨𝙤𝙣 𝙤𝙛 𝙖𝙪𝙩𝙝𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙮 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙥𝙤𝙬𝙚𝙧
(𝙙) 𝘾𝙤𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙤𝙡𝙡𝙚𝙙 𝙡𝙞𝙫𝙚𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙬𝙤𝙧𝙠𝙚𝙧𝙨

𝙌.3: - 𝙁𝙞𝙧𝙨𝙩 𝙘𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙮 𝙩𝙤 𝙪𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙜𝙤 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙧𝙚𝙫𝙤𝙡𝙪𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙞𝙨
(𝙖) 𝙅𝙖𝙥𝙖𝙣
(𝙗) 𝘽𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙞𝙣
(𝙘) 𝙂𝙚𝙧𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙮
(𝙙) 𝙁𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙚

𝙌.4: - 18𝙩𝙝 𝘾𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙮 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙖 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙙𝙚𝙘𝙡𝙞𝙣𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙥𝙤𝙧𝙩 𝙩𝙤𝙬𝙣?
(𝙖) 𝙎𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙩
(𝙗) 𝘽𝙤𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙮
(𝙘) 𝘾𝙖𝙡𝙘𝙪𝙩𝙩𝙖
(𝙙) 𝙈𝙖𝙙𝙧𝙖𝙨

𝙌.5: - 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙖𝙞𝙙 𝙨𝙚𝙧𝙫𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙀𝙖𝙨𝙩 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙖 𝘾𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙣𝙮 𝙬𝙖𝙨
(𝙖) 𝙎𝙚𝙩𝙝
(𝙗) 𝙈𝙖𝙢𝙡𝙖𝙩𝙙𝙖𝙧
(𝙘) 𝙂𝙤𝙢𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙝𝙖
(𝙙) 𝙇𝙖𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙧𝙙𝙖𝙧

𝙌.6: - 𝙒𝙝𝙤 𝙙𝙚𝙫𝙞𝙨𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙎𝙥𝙞𝙣𝙣𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙅𝙚𝙣𝙣𝙮.
(𝙖) 𝙎𝙖𝙢𝙪𝙖𝙡 𝙇𝙪𝙘𝙠
(𝙗) 𝙍𝙞𝙘𝙝𝙖𝙧𝙙 𝘼𝙧𝙠𝙬𝙧𝙞𝙜𝙝𝙩
(𝙘) 𝙅𝙖𝙢𝙚𝙨 𝙃𝙖𝙧𝙜𝙧𝙚𝙖𝙫𝙚𝙨
(𝙙) 𝙅𝙖𝙢𝙚𝙨 𝙒𝙖𝙩𝙩.

𝙌.7: - 𝙒𝙝𝙚𝙣 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙞𝙧𝙨𝙩 𝙘𝙤𝙩𝙩𝙤𝙣 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙡 𝙨𝙚𝙩 𝙪𝙥 𝙞𝙣 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙖 -
(𝙖) 1814
(𝙗) 1824
(𝙘) 1854
(𝙙) 1864

𝙌.8: - 𝙄𝙣 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙖 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙞𝙧𝙨𝙩 𝙘𝙤𝙩𝙩𝙤𝙣 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙡 𝙨𝙚𝙩 𝙪𝙥 𝙞𝙣-
(𝙖) 𝙈𝙖𝙙𝙧𝙖𝙨
(𝙗) 𝘽𝙤𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙮
(𝙘) 𝙆𝙖𝙣𝙥𝙪𝙧
(𝙙) 𝙎𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙩

𝙌.9: - 𝙒𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙡𝙮 𝙨𝙝𝙪𝙩𝙩𝙡𝙚 𝙪𝙨𝙚𝙙 𝙛𝙤𝙧-
(𝙖) 𝙒𝙖𝙨𝙝𝙞𝙣𝙜
(𝙗) 𝙒𝙚𝙖𝙫𝙞𝙣𝙜
(𝙘) 𝘿𝙧𝙮𝙞𝙣𝙜
(𝙙) 𝙎𝙤𝙬𝙞𝙣𝙜

𝙌.10:- 𝙒𝙝𝙤 𝙞𝙣𝙫𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙖𝙢 𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙞𝙣𝙚-
(𝙖) 𝙅𝙖𝙢𝙚𝙨 𝙒𝙖𝙩𝙩
(𝙗) 𝙉𝙚𝙬 𝘾𝙖𝙢𝙚𝙣
(𝙘) 𝙍𝙞𝙘𝙝𝙖𝙧𝙙 𝘼𝙧𝙠𝙬𝙧𝙞𝙜𝙝𝙩
(𝙙) 𝙉𝙤𝙣𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙖𝙗𝙤𝙫𝙚

𝙌.11: - 𝙒𝙝𝙤 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙀.𝙏. 𝙋𝙖𝙪𝙡𝙡
(𝙖) 𝙃𝙚 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙖 𝙥𝙤𝙥𝙪𝙡𝙖𝙧 𝙢𝙪𝙨𝙞𝙘 𝙥𝙪𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙚𝙧
(𝙗) 𝙀𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙤𝙢𝙞𝙨𝙩
(𝙘) 𝙒𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧
(𝙙) 𝙋𝙝𝙞𝙡𝙤𝙨𝙤𝙥𝙝𝙚𝙧

𝙌.12: - 𝘿𝙬𝙖𝙧𝙠𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙝 𝙏𝙖𝙜𝙤𝙧𝙚 𝙞𝙨 𝙖
(𝙖) 𝙋𝙖𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙧
(𝙗) 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙩
(𝙘) 𝙋𝙪𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙚𝙧
(𝙙) 𝙎𝙤𝙘𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙍𝙚𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙢𝙚𝙧

𝙌.13: - 𝙒𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙙𝙞𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙢 ‘𝙊𝙧𝙞𝙚𝙣𝙩’ 𝙧𝙚𝙛𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙩𝙤-
(𝙖) 𝙀𝙣𝙜𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙
(𝙗) 𝘼𝙨𝙞𝙖
(𝙘) 𝙍𝙪𝙨𝙨𝙞𝙖
(𝙙) 𝘼𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙖


𝙌.14: - 𝙃𝙤𝙬 𝙙𝙞𝙙 𝙖𝙙𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙩𝙞𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙨 𝙧𝙚𝙖𝙘𝙝 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙢𝙤𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙤𝙥𝙡𝙚-
(𝙖) 𝙏.𝙑.
(𝙗) 𝙍𝙖𝙙𝙞𝙤
(𝙘) 𝘾𝙖𝙡𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙨
(𝙙) 𝙋𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩𝙨

𝙌.15: - 𝙒𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙖𝙢𝙤𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙨𝙚 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙖 𝙥𝙧𝙚 𝙘𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙨𝙚𝙖 𝙥𝙤𝙧𝙩?
(𝙖) 𝙑𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙖𝙠𝙝𝙖𝙥𝙖𝙩𝙣𝙖𝙢
(𝙗) 𝘾𝙝𝙚𝙣𝙣𝙖𝙞
(𝙘) 𝙃𝙤𝙤𝙜𝙡𝙮
(𝙙)𝘾𝙤𝙘𝙝𝙞𝙣

𝙌.16:- 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙞𝙧𝙨𝙩 𝘼𝙨𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝙘𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙮 𝙩𝙤 𝙗𝙚 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙯𝙚𝙙 𝙬𝙖𝙨 -
(𝙖) 𝙅𝙖𝙥𝙖𝙣
(𝙗) 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙖
(𝙘) 𝘾𝙝𝙞𝙣𝙖
(𝙙) 𝘼𝙛𝙜𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙣

𝙌.17:- 𝙄𝙩 𝙞𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙞𝙧𝙨𝙩 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙘𝙞𝙩𝙮 𝙞𝙣 𝙀𝙣𝙜𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙-
(𝙗) 𝙈𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙝𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙧
(𝙗) 𝙇𝙤𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣
(𝙘) 𝙊𝙭𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙙
(𝙙) 𝙒𝙖𝙡𝙚𝙨

𝙌.18:- 𝙏𝙝𝙞𝙨 𝙘𝙞𝙩𝙮 𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙣𝙚𝙘𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙖 𝙩𝙤 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙜𝙪𝙡𝙛 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙧𝙚𝙙 𝙨𝙚𝙖 𝙥𝙤𝙧𝙩 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙧𝙚-𝙘𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙤𝙙.
(𝙖) 𝙈𝙪𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙞
(𝙗) 𝙎𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙩
(𝙘) 𝙈𝙖𝙙𝙧𝙖𝙨
(𝙙) 𝘾𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙘𝙪𝙩

𝙌.19:- 𝙒𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙤𝙣𝙚 𝙞𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙡𝙤𝙪𝙧𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙮 𝙤𝙛 𝙀𝙣𝙜𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙?
(𝙖) 𝘾𝙤𝙩𝙩𝙤𝙣 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙮
(𝙗) 𝙅𝙪𝙩𝙚 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙮
(𝙘) 𝙄𝙧𝙤𝙣 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙚𝙡 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙮
(𝙙) 𝙄.𝙏

𝙌.20:- 𝙒𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙚𝙥𝙧𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙪𝙧 𝙨𝙚𝙩 𝙪𝙥 𝙨𝙞𝙭 𝙟𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙩 𝙨𝙩𝙤𝙘𝙠 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙚𝙨 𝙞𝙣 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙖 𝙞𝙣 1830?
(𝙖) 𝘿𝙞𝙣𝙨𝙝𝙖𝙬 𝙥𝙚𝙩𝙞𝙩
(𝙗) 𝘿𝙬𝙖𝙧𝙠𝙖 𝙉𝙖𝙩𝙝 𝙏𝙖𝙜𝙤𝙧𝙚
(𝙘) 𝙅𝙖𝙢𝙨𝙝𝙚𝙙𝙟𝙚𝙚 𝙏𝙖𝙩𝙖
(𝙙) 𝙎𝙚𝙩𝙝 𝙃𝙪𝙠𝙪𝙢 𝘾𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙙

𝙌.21:- 𝙒𝙝𝙤 𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙞𝙧𝙨𝙩 𝙟𝙪𝙩𝙚 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙡 𝙞𝙣 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙖?
(𝙖) 𝘿𝙞𝙣𝙨𝙝𝙖𝙬 𝙋𝙚𝙩𝙞𝙩
(𝙗) 𝘿𝙬𝙖𝙧𝙠𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙝 𝙏𝙖𝙜𝙤𝙧𝙚
(𝙘) 𝙅𝙖𝙢𝙨𝙝𝙚𝙙𝙟𝙚𝙚 𝙏𝙖𝙩𝙖
(𝙙) 𝙎𝙚𝙩𝙝 𝙃𝙪𝙠𝙪𝙢𝙘𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙙

𝙌.22:- 𝙀𝙡𝙜𝙞𝙣 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙡 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙨𝙚𝙩 𝙪𝙥 𝙖𝙩
(𝙖) 𝙇𝙪𝙠𝙣𝙤𝙬
(𝙗) 𝘾𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙘𝙪𝙩
(𝙘) 𝙆𝙖𝙣𝙥𝙪𝙧
(𝙙) 𝙈𝙖𝙙𝙧𝙖𝙨

𝙌.23:- 𝙒𝙝𝙚𝙣 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙩𝙚𝙡𝙚𝙥𝙝𝙤𝙣𝙚 𝙞𝙣𝙫𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙙?
(𝙖) 1885
(𝙗) 1976
(𝙘) 1876
(𝙙) 1776

𝙌.24:- 𝙒𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙞𝙧𝙨𝙩 𝙟𝙪𝙩𝙚 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙡 𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙚𝙙?
(𝙖) 𝙎𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙩
(𝙗) 𝘿𝙚𝙡𝙝𝙞
(𝙘) 𝘾𝙪𝙡𝙘𝙪𝙩𝙩𝙖
(𝙙) 𝘽𝙤𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙮

𝙌.25:- 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙏𝙖𝙩𝙖 𝙞𝙧𝙤𝙣 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙚𝙡 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙣𝙮 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙢𝙚𝙙
(𝙖) 1807
(𝙗) 1907
(𝙘) 1957
(𝙙) 1865

𝙌.26:- 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙢𝙖𝙘𝙝𝙞𝙣𝙚 𝙖𝙜𝙚 𝙞𝙣 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙖 𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙞𝙣-
(𝙖) 1850
(𝙗) 1900
(𝙘) 1950
(𝙙) 1890



𝘾𝙃𝙀𝘾𝙆 𝙔𝙊𝙐𝙍 𝘼𝙉𝙎𝙒𝙀𝙍𝙎
1. (𝙙) 𝙋𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙚𝙧𝙨
2. (𝙖) 𝙀𝙢𝙥𝙡𝙤𝙮𝙚𝙙 𝙗𝙮 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙨 𝙩𝙤 𝙜𝙚𝙩 𝙣𝙚𝙬 𝙧𝙚𝙘𝙧𝙪𝙞𝙩𝙨
3. (𝙗) 𝘽𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙞𝙣
4. (𝙖) 𝙎𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙩
5. (𝙘) 𝙂𝙤𝙢𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙝𝙖
6. (𝙘) 𝙅𝙖𝙢𝙚𝙨 𝙃𝙖𝙧𝙜𝙧𝙚𝙖𝙫𝙚𝙨
7. (𝙘) 1854
8. (𝙗) 𝘽𝙤𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙮
9. (𝙗) 𝙒𝙚𝙖𝙫𝙞𝙣𝙜
10. (𝙖) 𝙅𝙖𝙢𝙚𝙨 𝙒𝙖𝙩𝙩
11. (𝙖) 𝙃𝙚 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙖 𝙥𝙤𝙥𝙪𝙡𝙖𝙧 𝙢𝙪𝙨𝙞𝙘 𝙥𝙪𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙚𝙧
12. (𝙗) 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙩
13. (𝙗) 𝘼𝙨𝙞𝙖
14. (𝙘) 𝘾𝙖𝙡𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙨
15. (𝙘) 𝙃𝙤𝙤𝙜𝙡𝙮
16. (𝙗) 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙖
17. (𝙗) 𝙇𝙤𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣
18. (𝙗) 𝙎𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙩
19. (𝙘) 𝙄𝙧𝙤𝙣 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙚𝙡 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙮
20. (𝙗) 𝘿𝙬𝙖𝙧𝙠𝙖 𝙉𝙖𝙩𝙝 𝙏𝙖𝙜𝙤𝙧𝙚
21. (𝙙) 𝙎𝙚𝙩𝙝 𝙃𝙪𝙠𝙪𝙢𝙘𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙙
22. (𝙘) 𝙆𝙖𝙣𝙥𝙪𝙧
23. (𝙘) 1876
24. (𝙘) 𝘾𝙪𝙡𝙘𝙪𝙩𝙩𝙖
25. (𝙗) 1907
26. (𝙖) 1850

MCQs of the Industrial Revolution:

1. Which of the following was a major cause of the Industrial Revolution?
a) Agricultural improvements
b) Political revolutions
c) Religious reformations
d) Artistic movements

2. Which industry was the first to industrialize during the Industrial Revolution?
a) Textile industry
b) Mining industry
c) Agriculture industry
d) Steel industry

3. Which invention helped to increase the efficiency of textile production?
a) Spinning jenny
b) Steam engine
c) Telegraph
d) Printing press

4. Which country was the first to industrialize during the Industrial Revolution?
a) France
b) Germany
c) United States
d) Great Britain

5. Which of the following was a major effect of the Industrial Revolution?
a) Decrease in population
b) Increase in agricultural production
c) Increase in urbanization
d) Decrease in trade

Explanation:

The Industrial Revolution was a period of significant economic and social change that occurred from the late 18th century to the mid-19th century. It began in Great Britain and spread to other parts of Europe and North America. The following are some of the important details of the Industrial Revolution:

Causes of the Industrial Revolution:
- Agricultural improvements: The agricultural revolution led to an increase in food production, which allowed for a larger population and a surplus of labor.
- Access to capital: The availability of capital allowed entrepreneurs to invest in new technologies and factories.
- Natural resources: The abundance of natural resources such as coal and iron allowed for the development of new industries.
- Political stability: A stable government and legal system provided a favorable environment for investment and growth.

Industries of the Industrial Revolution:
- Textile industry: The textile industry was the first to industrialize and was the largest employer during the Industrial Revolution.
- Mining industry: The mining industry provided the raw materials needed for industrial production.
- Agriculture industry: The agriculture industry saw an increase in productivity due to new technologies and methods.
- Steel industry: The steel industry was essential for the construction of new machinery and infrastructure.

Inventions of the Industrial Revolution:
- Spinning jenny: The spinning jenny was an invention that allowed for the production of multiple threads at once, increasing efficiency in the textile industry.
- Steam engine: The steam engine was a key invention that powered new machinery and transportation methods.
- Telegraph: The telegraph revolutionized communication, allowing for faster and more efficient communication across long distances.
- Printing press: The printing press allowed for the mass production of books and newspapers.

Effects of the Industrial Revolution:
- Increase in urbanization: As factories and industries grew, people moved from rural areas to cities in search of work.
- Increase in industrial production: The Industrial Revolution led to an increase in the production of goods and a decrease in the cost of production.
- Decrease in skilled labor: As machines replaced human labor, the need for skilled labor decreased.
- Increase in social and economic inequality: The benefits of the Industrial Revolution were not evenly distributed, leading to increased social and economic inequality.

Overall, the Industrial Revolution was a period of significant change that had a lasting impact on the world economy and society.