Modification of Root, Stem, and Leaf
Roots, stems, and leaves are the three main organs of a plant. They can undergo various modifications to perform specific functions that help the plant survive and thrive in its environment.

Modification of Roots
- Taproots: Some plants have a single, main root called a taproot which gives rise to lateral roots. Taproots help in anchoring the plant securely in the soil and also store food reserves.
- Fibrous Roots: In some plants, the primary root is short-lived, and numerous thin roots develop from the base of the stem. These fibrous roots help in absorbing water and nutrients efficiently.

Modification of Stems
- Underground Stems: Some plants have modified stems that grow underground, such as rhizomes, tubers, and bulbs. These underground stems store food reserves and help in vegetative propagation.
- Stolons and Runners: Stolons are horizontal stems that grow above the ground and produce new plants at nodes. Runners are similar structures that spread horizontally on the ground.

Modification of Leaves
- Tendrils: Some plants have modified leaves that are slender and spirally coiled, helping the plant climb or support itself.
- Succulent Leaves: In arid regions, some plants have modified leaves that store water to survive long periods of drought.
- Spatulate Leaves: Certain plants have spoon-shaped leaves that help in floating on water and absorbing sunlight efficiently.
These modifications in roots, stems, and leaves showcase the diverse adaptations that plants have evolved to thrive in different environments.