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In the selection of turbine by specific speed or head, which one of the following statements is not correct?

  • a)
    For specific speed 10-35, Kaplan turbines

  • b)
    For specific speed 60-300, Francis turbines

  • c)
    For head 50-150 m, Francis turbines

  • d)
    For head above 300 m, Pelton wheel

Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
In the selection of turbine by specific speed or head, which one of th...
 



  1. For specific speed 10-35, Kaplan turbines



This statement is incorrect because Kaplan turbines are designed for much higher specific speeds. The correct range for Kaplan turbines is generally from 300 to 1000 (in metric units), making this option inaccurate.
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In the selection of turbine by specific speed or head, which one of th...
Introduction
The selection of a turbine for a specific speed or head is an important consideration in hydraulic engineering. Different types of turbines are suitable for different ranges of specific speed and head conditions. In this question, we are asked to identify the incorrect statement regarding the selection of turbines based on specific speed or head.

Incorrect Statement
The incorrect statement is option 'A': For specific speed 10-35, Kaplan turbines.

Explanation
To understand why option 'A' is incorrect, let's briefly discuss the characteristics and applications of different types of turbines based on specific speed or head.

Kaplan Turbines
- Kaplan turbines are axial flow turbines that are specifically designed for low head applications.
- They are most suitable for specific speeds ranging from 10 to 35.
- Kaplan turbines have adjustable blades that allow for efficient operation at varying flow rates and heads.
- They are commonly used in rivers, canals, and low head hydropower projects.

Francis Turbines
- Francis turbines are mixed flow turbines that can operate under a wide range of head conditions.
- They are most suitable for specific speeds ranging from 60 to 300.
- Francis turbines are versatile and can handle both low and medium head applications.
- They are commonly used in hydroelectric power plants, where the head ranges from 15 to 600 meters.

Pelton Wheel
- Pelton wheel turbines are impulse turbines that are specifically designed for high head applications.
- They are most suitable for head conditions above 300 meters.
- Pelton wheels utilize high velocity jets of water to drive the turbine, making them efficient in high head situations.
- They are commonly used in mountainous regions or areas with high altitude.

Conclusion
Based on the above explanations, option 'A' is incorrect because Kaplan turbines are suitable for low head applications, not for specific speed 10-35. The correct statement regarding Kaplan turbines should be: "For low head applications, Kaplan turbines are suitable."
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In the selection of turbine by specific speed or head, which one of the following statements is not correct?a)For specific speed 10-35, Kaplan turbinesb)For specific speed 60-300, Francis turbinesc)For head 50-150 m, Francis turbinesd)For head above 300 m, Pelton wheelCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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