Lexical Analysis

Lexical analysis is the first phase of a compiler, where the source code is analyzed and divided into a sequence of lexemes or tokens. These tokens are then used by the subsequent phases of the compiler for further processing. The main objective of lexical analysis is to simplify the code and make it easier for the compiler to understand and process.

Issues related to Lexical Analysis

1. Simplify the phases: This issue refers to simplifying the overall compilation process by dividing it into smaller and more manageable phases. By simplifying the phases, the compiler becomes more modular and easier to implement and maintain.

2. Compiler efficiency is improved: Improving compiler efficiency involves optimizing the lexical analysis phase to minimize the time and resources required for tokenizing the source code. This can be achieved by using efficient algorithms and data structures for token recognition and processing.

3. Compiler works faster: Making the compiler faster is a desirable goal as it reduces the overall compilation time. By improving the speed of the lexical analysis phase, the compiler can process the source code more quickly and provide faster feedback to the programmer.

4. Compiler portability is enhanced: Enhancing compiler portability involves making the compiler compatible with different platforms and operating systems. By improving the portability of the lexical analysis phase, the compiler can be easily adapted to different environments without significant changes to the code.

True statements in context of lexical analysis

From the given options, the following statements are true in the context of lexical analysis:

1. Simplify the phases: Simplifying the phases helps in making the compiler more modular and easier to implement and maintain. It breaks down the compilation process into smaller, manageable steps.

2. Compiler efficiency is improved: Improving the efficiency of the lexical analysis phase helps in optimizing the tokenization process, resulting in faster and more accurate parsing of the source code.

4. Compiler portability is enhanced: Enhancing the portability of the lexical analysis phase ensures that the compiler can be easily adapted to different platforms and operating systems without significant modifications.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C' - 1, 2, and 4.