Examine the following statements:1. Factor of safety for steel should ...
A beam collapses when stress is equal to its yield strength and stress in concrete reaches its ultimate strength.
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Examine the following statements:1. Factor of safety for steel should ...
Factor of Safety for Steel and Concrete
Factor of safety is the ratio of the maximum load a structural component can withstand to the maximum load it is expected to bear. It is used to provide a margin of safety against structural failure. The correct statements regarding factor of safety for steel and concrete are:
1. Factor of safety for steel should be based on its yield stress:
- Yield stress is the stress at which a material deforms plastically, meaning it does not return to its original shape after the stress is removed.
- The factor of safety for steel should be based on its yield stress because it ensures that the material will not deform plastically and will remain within its elastic range.
- A factor of safety based on yield stress is more conservative than one based on ultimate stress.
2. Factor of safety for steel should be based on its ultimate stress:
- Ultimate stress is the maximum stress a material can withstand before it fails.
- The factor of safety for steel can also be based on its ultimate stress, but this is less conservative than one based on yield stress.
- This approach assumes that the steel will not deform plastically before it fails, which is not always the case.
3. Factor of safety for concrete should be based on its yield stress:
- Concrete is a brittle material that does not exhibit a clear yield point.
- The factor of safety for concrete should be based on its compressive strength at a certain percentage of its design strength, which is considered its yield strength.
- This ensures that the concrete will not fail in compression before it reaches its design strength.
4. Factor of safety for concrete should be based on its ultimate stress:
- The factor of safety for concrete can also be based on its ultimate stress, which is the maximum stress it can withstand before it fails.
- However, this approach is less conservative than one based on yield stress because it assumes that the concrete will not fail in compression before it reaches its ultimate strength.
Conclusion:
The correct statements regarding factor of safety for steel and concrete are 1 and 4. The factor of safety for steel should be based on its yield stress to ensure that it does not deform plastically, while the factor of safety for concrete should be based on its compressive strength at a certain percentage of its design strength, which is considered its yield strength.
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