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Consider the following statements:
In an under-reinforced concrete beam,
1. actual depth of neutral axis is less than the critical depth of neutral axis.
2. concrete reaches ultimate stress prior to steel reaching the ultimate stress.
3. moment of resistance is less than that of balanced sections.
4. lever arm of resisting couple is less than of balanced sections.
Which of these statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 and 2
  • b)
    1 and 3
  • c)
    2, 3 and 4
  • d)
    1 and 4
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
Consider the following statements:In an under-reinforced concrete beam...
For under-reinforced beam,
(i) xu < xu, lim or xc
(ii) Steel reaches ultimate stress before concrete reaching the ultimate stress
(iii) Mu < Mu, lim
(iv) Lever arm = d - 0.42 xu will be more in the case of under-reinforced section.
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Most Upvoted Answer
Consider the following statements:In an under-reinforced concrete beam...
Under-Reinforced Concrete Beam

An under-reinforced concrete beam is a beam in which the tensile steel reinforcement is not sufficient to resist the ultimate bending moment. It means that the steel reinforcement will yield before the concrete reaches its ultimate stress. The following statements are related to an under-reinforced concrete beam:

1. Actual depth of neutral axis is less than the critical depth of neutral axis

The neutral axis is the axis where there is no tension or compression in the beam cross-section. In an under-reinforced concrete beam, the actual depth of the neutral axis is less than the critical depth of the neutral axis. It means that the steel reinforcement is not sufficient to resist the bending moment, and the concrete in the compression zone is also resisting the bending moment.

2. Concrete reaches ultimate stress prior to steel reaching the ultimate stress

In an under-reinforced concrete beam, the steel reinforcement is not sufficient to resist the ultimate bending moment. Therefore, the concrete reaches its ultimate stress prior to the steel reaching its ultimate stress.

3. Moment of resistance is less than that of balanced sections

The moment of resistance of a balanced section is the highest possible moment that can be resisted by the section. In an under-reinforced concrete beam, the moment of resistance is less than that of a balanced section as the steel reinforcement is not sufficient to resist the ultimate bending moment.

4. Lever arm of resisting couple is less than of balanced sections

The lever arm of the resisting couple is the distance between the centroid of the steel reinforcement and the neutral axis of the section. In an under-reinforced concrete beam, the lever arm of the resisting couple is less than that of a balanced section as the steel reinforcement is not sufficient to resist the ultimate bending moment.

Therefore, option 'B' is correct as statements 1 and 3 are correct for an under-reinforced concrete beam.
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Consider the following statements:In an under-reinforced concrete beam,1. actual depth of neutral axis is less than the critical depth of neutral axis.2. concrete reaches ultimate stress prior to steel reaching the ultimate stress.3. moment of resistance is less than that of balanced sections.4. lever arm of resisting couple is less than of balanced sections.Which of these statements is/are correct?a)1 and 2b)1 and 3c)2, 3 and 4d)1 and 4Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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