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The breakeven volume for a product can be reduced by
  • a)
    increasing the fixed costs
  • b)
    reducing its selling price
  • c)
    reducing its unit cost
  • d)
    increasing its unit cost
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Breakeven volume
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Explanation:

The breakeven volume for a product refers to the point at which the total revenue generated from sales is equal to the total costs incurred to produce and sell the product. It is the volume of sales required to cover all costs and achieve neither a profit nor a loss.

Reducing the unit cost of a product can help to reduce the breakeven volume. This means that for each unit sold, the cost of producing that unit is lower. By reducing the unit cost, the breakeven volume is reduced because fewer units need to be sold in order to cover the fixed costs and reach the breakeven point.

How reducing unit cost reduces breakeven volume:

- Definition of unit cost: The unit cost is the cost incurred to produce one unit of a product. It includes both variable costs (such as materials and labor) and a portion of the fixed costs (such as rent and utilities).

- Calculation of breakeven volume: The breakeven volume can be calculated by dividing the total fixed costs by the contribution margin per unit. The contribution margin per unit is the difference between the selling price per unit and the variable cost per unit.

- Effect of reducing unit cost: When the unit cost is reduced, the contribution margin per unit increases. This is because the selling price per unit remains the same, but the variable cost per unit decreases. As a result, the breakeven volume decreases because the contribution margin per unit is higher, meaning that fewer units need to be sold to cover the fixed costs.

- Example: Let's consider an example to illustrate this concept. Suppose a product has a selling price of $10 per unit, a variable cost of $5 per unit, and fixed costs of $10,000. The contribution margin per unit is $10 - $5 = $5. The breakeven volume is calculated as $10,000 / $5 = 2,000 units. Now, if the unit cost is reduced to $4 per unit, the contribution margin per unit increases to $10 - $4 = $6. The new breakeven volume is $10,000 / $6 ≈ 1,667 units. As we can see, reducing the unit cost has reduced the breakeven volume.

In conclusion, reducing the unit cost of a product can help to reduce the breakeven volume. This is because a lower unit cost increases the contribution margin per unit, resulting in a lower volume of sales required to cover the fixed costs and reach the breakeven point.
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