Thermal conductivity refers to the ability of a material to conduct heat. In the case of water, the thermal conductivity may either increase or decrease depending on the temperature. Let us understand this in detail below.

Effect of Temperature on Thermal Conductivity of Water

The thermal conductivity of water is dependent on various factors including temperature, pressure, dissolved solids, and dissolved gases. Among these factors, temperature has a significant impact on the thermal conductivity of water. The effect of temperature on the thermal conductivity of water is discussed below.

At low temperatures:

• Water is a poor conductor of heat at low temperatures. This is because water molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds, which restrict the movement of heat energy.

• The thermal conductivity of water at low temperatures is around 0.6 W/mK.

At high temperatures:

• As the temperature of water increases, the thermal conductivity of water may either increase or decrease depending on the temperature.

• At temperatures between 0°C and 30°C, the thermal conductivity of water increases with increasing temperature. This is because the hydrogen bonds between water molecules begin to break down as the temperature increases, allowing heat energy to be transferred more easily.

• At temperatures above 30°C, the thermal conductivity of water starts to decrease with increasing temperature. This is because the water molecules begin to move more rapidly at high temperatures, which can interfere with the transfer of heat energy.

• The thermal conductivity of water at its boiling point (100°C) is around 0.68 W/mK.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the thermal conductivity of water may either increase or decrease depending on the temperature. At low temperatures, water is a poor conductor of heat. At temperatures between 0°C and 30°C, the thermal conductivity of water increases with increasing temperature. However, at temperatures above 30°C, the thermal conductivity of water starts to decrease with increasing temperature.