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The force of gravity is least at
  • a)
    the equator
  • b)
    the poles
  • c)
    a place of latitude 45º
  • d)
    a place of latitude 60º
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Explanation:

Force of Gravity:
The force of gravity is the force by which a planet or other body draws objects towards its center. The force of gravity is directly proportional to the mass of the object and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the centers of the two objects.

Variation of Gravity with Latitude:
The force of gravity decreases as we move from the poles towards the equator. This is because the Earth is not a perfect sphere but an oblate spheroid, flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator. Due to this shape, the distance from the center of the Earth to a point on the surface is greater at the equator than at the poles.

Least at the Equator:
The force of gravity is least at the equator because the distance from the center of the Earth to a point on the surface is greatest at the equator. This increase in distance causes a decrease in the force of gravity according to the inverse square law. Therefore, gravity is weakest at the equator compared to the poles or places at intermediate latitudes such as 45° or 60°.

In conclusion, the force of gravity is least at the equator due to the greater distance from the center of the Earth at this location.
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