Number of ways in which Rs. 22 can be distributed among four persons s...
To find the number of ways in which Rs. 22 can be distributed among four persons such that the first person gets less than Rs. 3 and the second person gets a multiple of Rs. 4, we can use the concept of generating functions.
Let's create a generating function for each person, representing the possible amounts they can receive.
1. Generating function for the first person (P1):
The first person can receive any amount less than Rs. 3, which can be represented by the polynomial (1 + x + x^2), where the powers of x represent the possible amounts (0, 1, 2).
2. Generating function for the second person (P2):
The second person can receive a multiple of Rs. 4, which can be represented by the polynomial (1 + x^4 + x^8 + ...), where the powers of x represent the multiples of 4 (0, 4, 8, ...).
3. Generating function for the third person (P3):
The third person can receive any amount between 0 and Rs. 22, which can be represented by the polynomial (1 + x + x^2 + ... + x^22).
4. Generating function for the fourth person (P4):
The fourth person can receive any amount between 0 and Rs. 22, which can also be represented by the polynomial (1 + x + x^2 + ... + x^22).
Now, we need to find the coefficient of x^22 in the product of these generating functions, as it represents the number of ways to distribute Rs. 22 among the four persons.
Multiplying the generating functions:
(P1 * P2 * P3 * P4) = (1 + x + x^2) * (1 + x^4 + x^8 + ...) * (1 + x + x^2 + ... + x^22) * (1 + x + x^2 + ... + x^22)
To find the coefficient of x^22, we need to find the terms with x^22 in the expanded form of this expression.
Simplifying the expression:
(P1 * P2 * P3 * P4) = (1 + x + x^2) * (1 + x^4 + x^8 + ...) * (1 + x + x^2 + ... + x^22) * (1 + x + x^2 + ... + x^22)
= (1 + x + x^2) * (1 + x^4 + x^8 + ...) * (1 + x + x^2 + ... + x^22)^2
Expanding and collecting like terms, we get:
(P1 * P2 * P3 * P4) = (1 + x + x^2) * (1 + x^4 + x^8 + ...) * (1 + x + x^2 + ... + x^22)^2
= (1 + 2x + 3x^2 + 4x^3 + ... + 23x^22 + ...)
The coefficient of x^22 is the coefficient of the term 23x^22, which is 23.
Therefore, the number of ways in which Rs. 22 can be distributed among four persons such that the first person gets less than Rs