Chemistry Exam > Chemistry Questions > Select correct alternate(s):a)Due to Lanthani...
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Select correct alternate(s):
- a)Due to Lanthanide contraction Zr and Hf have almost equal size
- b)Due to completion of 3d subshell, the electronic charge density in this subshell becomes very high which increases the inter-electronic repulsion, hence increasing size.
- c)Lanthanide contraction refers to ionic radius of series
- d)Lanthanide contraction refers to valence electrons of series
Correct answer is option 'A,B,C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Select correct alternate(s):a)Due to Lanthanide contraction Zr and Hf ...
Explanation:
1. Due to Lanthanide contraction Zr and Hf have almost equal size:
The Lanthanide contraction refers to the decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the Lanthanide series. This contraction occurs because of the poor shielding effect of the f electrons, which leads to an increase in effective nuclear charge. As a result, the outermost electrons are pulled closer to the nucleus, resulting in a decrease in atomic radius.
Zirconium (Zr) and Hafnium (Hf) are both transition metals and are located in the same group of the periodic table (Group 4). Since they are in the same group, they have the same number of valence electrons and similar electron configurations. Additionally, both Zr and Hf have similar shielding effects from the inner electron shells.
Therefore, due to the Lanthanide contraction, the decrease in atomic radius is relatively small for Zr and Hf, making their sizes almost equal.
2. Due to completion of 3d subshell, the electronic charge density in this subshell becomes very high which increases the inter-electronic repulsion, hence increasing size:
The completion of the 3d subshell refers to the filling of all five d orbitals with electrons. This occurs in the transition metals after the element chromium (Cr) in the periodic table. When the 3d subshell is completely filled, there is a high electron density in this subshell.
The high electron density in the 3d subshell leads to an increase in inter-electronic repulsion. This repulsion pushes the electrons further apart, resulting in an increase in atomic size.
3. Lanthanide contraction refers to ionic radius of series:
As mentioned earlier, the Lanthanide contraction refers to the decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the Lanthanide series. This contraction occurs due to the poor shielding effect of the f electrons and the increase in effective nuclear charge.
The decrease in ionic radii is a characteristic feature of the Lanthanide series and is a result of the Lanthanide contraction phenomenon.
Therefore, all the given options A, B, and C are correct as they accurately describe the concept of the Lanthanide contraction and its effects on the size of elements in the series.
1. Due to Lanthanide contraction Zr and Hf have almost equal size:
The Lanthanide contraction refers to the decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the Lanthanide series. This contraction occurs because of the poor shielding effect of the f electrons, which leads to an increase in effective nuclear charge. As a result, the outermost electrons are pulled closer to the nucleus, resulting in a decrease in atomic radius.
Zirconium (Zr) and Hafnium (Hf) are both transition metals and are located in the same group of the periodic table (Group 4). Since they are in the same group, they have the same number of valence electrons and similar electron configurations. Additionally, both Zr and Hf have similar shielding effects from the inner electron shells.
Therefore, due to the Lanthanide contraction, the decrease in atomic radius is relatively small for Zr and Hf, making their sizes almost equal.
2. Due to completion of 3d subshell, the electronic charge density in this subshell becomes very high which increases the inter-electronic repulsion, hence increasing size:
The completion of the 3d subshell refers to the filling of all five d orbitals with electrons. This occurs in the transition metals after the element chromium (Cr) in the periodic table. When the 3d subshell is completely filled, there is a high electron density in this subshell.
The high electron density in the 3d subshell leads to an increase in inter-electronic repulsion. This repulsion pushes the electrons further apart, resulting in an increase in atomic size.
3. Lanthanide contraction refers to ionic radius of series:
As mentioned earlier, the Lanthanide contraction refers to the decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the Lanthanide series. This contraction occurs due to the poor shielding effect of the f electrons and the increase in effective nuclear charge.
The decrease in ionic radii is a characteristic feature of the Lanthanide series and is a result of the Lanthanide contraction phenomenon.
Therefore, all the given options A, B, and C are correct as they accurately describe the concept of the Lanthanide contraction and its effects on the size of elements in the series.
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Select correct alternate(s):a)Due to Lanthanide contraction Zr and Hf have almost equal sizeb)Due to completion of 3d subshell, the electronic charge density in this subshell becomes very high which increases the inter-electronic repulsion, hence increasing size.c)Lanthanide contraction refers to ionic radius of seriesd) Lanthanide contraction refers to valence electrons of seriesCorrect answer is option 'A,B,C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Select correct alternate(s):a)Due to Lanthanide contraction Zr and Hf have almost equal sizeb)Due to completion of 3d subshell, the electronic charge density in this subshell becomes very high which increases the inter-electronic repulsion, hence increasing size.c)Lanthanide contraction refers to ionic radius of seriesd) Lanthanide contraction refers to valence electrons of seriesCorrect answer is option 'A,B,C'. Can you explain this answer? for Chemistry 2024 is part of Chemistry preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Chemistry exam syllabus. Information about Select correct alternate(s):a)Due to Lanthanide contraction Zr and Hf have almost equal sizeb)Due to completion of 3d subshell, the electronic charge density in this subshell becomes very high which increases the inter-electronic repulsion, hence increasing size.c)Lanthanide contraction refers to ionic radius of seriesd) Lanthanide contraction refers to valence electrons of seriesCorrect answer is option 'A,B,C'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Chemistry 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Select correct alternate(s):a)Due to Lanthanide contraction Zr and Hf have almost equal sizeb)Due to completion of 3d subshell, the electronic charge density in this subshell becomes very high which increases the inter-electronic repulsion, hence increasing size.c)Lanthanide contraction refers to ionic radius of seriesd) Lanthanide contraction refers to valence electrons of seriesCorrect answer is option 'A,B,C'. Can you explain this answer?.
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