Energy Transformations in Various Devices

Electric Heater:
The electric heater converts electrical energy into heat energy. Electric current flows through a resistance wire, which heats up due to the resistance offered and produces heat. This heat is transferred to the surroundings by convection and radiation.

Steam Engine:
The steam engine converts heat energy into mechanical energy. Water is heated in a boiler using coal or oil, which produces steam. This steam is then passed through a turbine, which rotates and produces mechanical energy. The mechanical energy is then used to perform useful work, such as generating electricity or powering machinery.

Solar Battery:
The solar battery converts light energy into electrical energy. The solar cells in the battery absorb light energy from the sun and use it to create an electric current. This electric current can be used to power devices or stored in a battery for later use.

Hydroelectric Power Station:
The hydroelectric power station converts potential energy into electrical energy. Water is stored in a reservoir at a high elevation, creating potential energy. This water is then released through a turbine, which rotates and generates electrical energy. The energy generated is then transmitted to the electrical grid for distribution.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, various devices use different types of energy transformations to produce useful work. Electric heaters convert electrical energy into heat energy, steam engines convert heat energy into mechanical energy, solar batteries convert light energy into electrical energy, and hydroelectric power stations convert potential energy into electrical energy. Understanding these energy transformations is important in designing and optimizing these devices for maximum efficiency.