Introduction:
The Enclosure movement in England during the mid-eighteenth century was a significant event that transformed the agricultural landscape and had far-reaching social and economic consequences. This movement involved the consolidation of small, scattered plots of land into larger, enclosed fields, often owned by wealthy landowners. Several factors contributed to the Enclosure movement, including the desire for increased agricultural productivity, changes in land ownership, and the development of new farming methods.

Factors leading to the Enclosure movement:

1. Agricultural Productivity:
The desire for increased agricultural productivity was a key factor that led to the Enclosure movement. Prior to the Enclosure movement, agricultural land in England was often fragmented and scattered, with small strips of land owned by individual peasants or tenant farmers. This fragmentation made it difficult to implement modern farming practices, such as crop rotation and mechanization. Enclosure allowed for the consolidation of land, enabling the adoption of more efficient farming methods, such as enclosure of common lands, which allowed for better organization and utilization of resources.

2. Changes in Land Ownership:
Another factor that contributed to the Enclosure movement was the changing patterns of land ownership. As the feudal system began to decline, landowners sought to consolidate their holdings and increase their control over agricultural resources. The Enclosure movement allowed them to enclose common lands and convert them into private property, thereby increasing their wealth and power. This process often involved the displacement of small tenant farmers and the conversion of communal resources into private estates.

3. Development of New Farming Methods:
The development of new farming methods also played a significant role in driving the Enclosure movement. During the eighteenth century, the Agricultural Revolution brought about innovations such as the selective breeding of livestock, improved crop rotation techniques, and the use of new farming machinery. These advancements required larger, more consolidated fields to be implemented effectively. Enclosure allowed for the consolidation of land, making it easier for farmers to adopt these new methods and increase their productivity.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the Enclosure movement in England was driven by various factors, including the desire for increased agricultural productivity, changes in land ownership, and the development of new farming methods. While the Enclosure movement brought about advancements in agricultural efficiency, it also had significant social and economic consequences, including the displacement of small farmers and the concentration of land and wealth in the hands of a few.

Three factors which led to enclosure movement in England were:
1.Rapid expansion of population from 7 million in 1750 to 21 million in 1850 and 30 million in 1900.
2.Increased demands for food grains to feed the growing population.
3.War with France disrupted trade and import of food grains from Europe. Prices in England increased encouraging landowners to enclose land and enlarge
area under grain cultivation. Profits flow in and landowners pressurised the parliament to pass the enclosure act.