Friction Effect on Centrifugal Governor

Introduction:
A centrifugal governor is a device that is used to control the speed of machines such as engines. The governor works on the principle of centrifugal force and is designed to regulate the amount of fuel going into the engine. The governor consists of a sleeve that rotates around a spindle and is connected to the throttle valve of the engine.

Friction Effect:
Friction is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact with each other. The amount of friction depends on the nature of the surfaces and the force pressing them together. In a centrifugal governor, friction occurs between the sleeve and the spindle.

Effect on Sensitivity:
Sensitivity refers to the degree to which the governor responds to changes in speed. Friction at the sleeve of a centrifugal governor reduces its sensitivity over a small range of speed. This is because the frictional force opposes the motion of the sleeve, making it more difficult for the governor to respond to changes in speed. As a result, the governor becomes less sensitive and is unable to control the speed of the engine accurately.

Effect on Stability:
Stability refers to the ability of the governor to maintain a constant speed. Friction at the sleeve of a centrifugal governor makes it more stable. This is because the frictional force acts as a damping force, reducing the amplitude of the oscillations of the sleeve. As a result, the governor is able to maintain a constant speed and is less likely to oscillate or hunt.

Effect on Range of Speed:
The range of speed refers to the range of speeds at which the governor is effective. Friction at the sleeve of a centrifugal governor makes it insensitive over a small range of speed. This is because the frictional force reduces the sensitivity of the governor, making it less effective at controlling the speed of the engine within a certain range of speeds.

Effect on Stability:
Friction at the sleeve of a centrifugal governor can also make it unstable. This happens when the frictional force is too high, causing the sleeve to stick or jam. When this happens, the governor is unable to respond to changes in speed, and the speed of the engine becomes unstable.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, friction at the sleeve of a centrifugal governor has both positive and negative effects on its performance. While it can make the governor more stable, it can also reduce its sensitivity and range of speed. It is therefore important to minimize friction in the governor to ensure that it performs optimally.

In absence of friction we can see in watt governor, after a specific speed Change in height of the sleeve becomes negligible....this makes a governor insensitive !
To Overcome This Drawback In Centrifugal governor Friction is also considered...
height of governor,h=[895/N²]×{(mg+Mg+ F)(1+q)/mg}