The passage of water from higher level concentration to the lower level concentration through semi permiable membrane is known as osmosis..

There are three different types of solutions:

Isotonic Solution

Hypertonic Solution

Hypotonic Solution

An isotonic solution is one that has the same concentration of solutes both inside and outside the cell.

A hypertonic solution is one that has a higher solute concentration outside the cell than inside.

A hypotonic solution is the one that has a higher solute concentration inside the cell than outside.

What is osmosis?
Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration. It is a type of passive transport and does not require energy input from the cell.

Types of osmotic solutions
- Isotonic solution: In an isotonic solution, the concentration of solutes inside the cell is equal to the concentration of solutes outside the cell. This results in no net movement of water across the cell membrane, maintaining cell shape and size.
- Hypertonic solution: In a hypertonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher than the concentration inside the cell. This causes water to move out of the cell, leading to cell shrinkage or crenation.
- Hypotonic solution: In a hypotonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is lower than the concentration inside the cell. This results in water moving into the cell, causing the cell to swell and potentially burst.

Explanation
Osmosis plays a crucial role in maintaining the water balance in living organisms. In plant cells, osmosis helps in the uptake of water, providing turgidity to the cells and maintaining their shape. In animal cells, osmosis regulates the movement of water to prevent cell shrinkage or bursting.
Understanding the different types of osmotic solutions is essential in various fields such as biology, chemistry, and medicine. It helps in explaining phenomena like dehydration, cell lysis, and the functioning of osmotic pressure in biological systems. By studying osmosis, scientists can gain insights into the fundamental processes that sustain life.