Ruling the Countryside is a chapter from the Class 8 History textbook. Here are some short type answers related to this chapter:

1. What was the role of zamindars in the countryside?

Zamindars were powerful landlords who played a crucial role in the countryside. They collected revenue from the peasants, maintained law and order, and provided protection to the people in their area.

2. How did the British change the system of revenue collection?

The British introduced the Permanent Settlement in 1793, which fixed the revenue that the zamindars had to pay to the British government. This led to an increase in revenue collection, but it also burdened the peasants as the zamindars raised their rent to cover the fixed revenue.

3. Who were the ryots?

Ryots were the peasants who cultivated the land and paid rent to the zamindars. They were often poor and had to face exploitation from the zamindars.

4. What was the impact of the British policies on the Indian weavers?

The British policies led to the decline of the Indian textile industry, which was the main livelihood of the weavers. The British imported cheap machine-made textiles, which led to the loss of jobs for the Indian weavers.

5. How did the British East India Company gain control over India?

The British East India Company gained control over India through its military prowess and by using the policy of divide and rule. They defeated the Indian rulers one by one and established their rule over India.

In conclusion, the chapter Ruling the Countryside explains the impact of British policies on the Indian countryside and the lives of the people who lived there. The British policies led to the exploitation of the peasants and the decline of the traditional Indian industries. The chapter highlights the importance of understanding the historical context of the Indian countryside to understand the present-day issues faced by rural India.

These are some questions to help you out
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