Electrons and Protons are two prime components of an atom out of three. The crucial difference between electron and proton is that an electron is a charged particle with negative polarity. As against, a proton is a charged particle having a positive charge.

Introduction:
Electrons and protons are fundamental particles that play a crucial role in the structure and behavior of atoms. While both electrons and protons are charged particles, they differ in various aspects such as mass, charge, and location within an atom.

Key Differences:

1. Charge:
- Electron: Electrons have a negative charge (-1). They are considered to be the carriers of negative electric charge in atoms.
- Proton: Protons have a positive charge (+1). They are the carriers of positive electric charge in atoms.

2. Mass:
- Electron: Electrons have a much smaller mass compared to protons. The mass of an electron is approximately 9.11 x 10^-31 kilograms (kg).
- Proton: Protons are relatively heavier than electrons. The mass of a proton is approximately 1.67 x 10^-27 kg, which is about 1836 times the mass of an electron.

3. Location:
- Electron: Electrons are found outside the nucleus of an atom, in specific energy levels or orbitals. These energy levels are arranged in shells, with the innermost shell closest to the nucleus.
- Proton: Protons are located within the nucleus of an atom. The nucleus is the central region of an atom that contains protons and neutrons.

4. Role:
- Electron: Electrons are primarily involved in chemical reactions and bonding between atoms. They determine the chemical properties of elements and participate in the formation of chemical compounds.
- Proton: Protons contribute to the atomic number of an element, which determines its identity. They also play a role in maintaining the stability of the nucleus through the electromagnetic force.

5. Behavior:
- Electron: Electrons exhibit dual characteristics of particles and waves, known as wave-particle duality. They can exist in different energy states, and their behavior can be described using quantum mechanics.
- Proton: Protons behave as particles and do not exhibit wave-like properties. They are subject to the strong nuclear force within the nucleus.

Conclusion:
In summary, electrons and protons differ in charge, mass, location, role, and behavior. Electrons have a negative charge, are much lighter than protons, and are found outside the nucleus in specific energy levels. Protons have a positive charge, are relatively heavier, and reside within the nucleus. Understanding the characteristics of electrons and protons is essential for comprehending the structure and properties of atoms.