Distinctive Features of the Modern Period:

1. Industrial Revolution
- The modern period was marked by the Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain in the late 18th century.
- The use of machines in factories replaced manual labor, resulting in increased productivity and economic growth.
- This led to the rise of urbanization and the growth of cities, as people migrated from rural areas to work in factories.

2. Nationalism
- Nationalism emerged as a dominant force in the modern period, with people identifying with their nation and seeking to assert their national identity.
- This led to the rise of nation-states and the decline of empires, as people sought to govern themselves and determine their own futures.
- Nationalism also led to conflicts and wars, as nations competed for resources and power.

3. Scientific and Technological Advancements
- The modern period was characterized by rapid scientific and technological advancements, which transformed every aspect of human life.
- Advances in medicine, transportation, communication, and other fields improved the quality of life and increased efficiency.
- However, these advancements also led to environmental degradation and other negative consequences.

Explanation:

The modern period was a time of significant change and transformation, marked by the Industrial Revolution, nationalism, and scientific and technological advancements. The Industrial Revolution brought about a shift from manual labor to machine-based production, resulting in increased productivity and economic growth. However, it also led to the rise of urbanization and the growth of cities, which brought about new social and environmental challenges. Nationalism emerged as a dominant force in the modern period, with people seeking to assert their national identity and govern themselves. This led to the rise of nation-states and the decline of empires, as people sought to determine their own futures. Scientific and technological advancements transformed every aspect of human life, improving the quality of life and increasing efficiency. However, these advancements also had negative consequences, such as environmental degradation. Overall, the modern period was a time of significant change and transformation, setting the stage for the world we live in today.

1.It has been marked by significant developments in the field of science, literature, art, politics,warfare, technology etc. 

2.It is known as an age of globalization and discovery.

3.It also saw the rise of European powers and their dominance over colonial powers.

4.Industrialisation emerged in this era which gave rise to new concepts like urbanization, individualism, democracy...