Establishment of Durgapur Steel Plant with British Collaboration

The correct answer is option 'D', Durgapur. The Durgapur Steel Plant was indeed established with British collaboration. Let's delve into the details of its establishment and collaboration.

1. Background:
- After the end of British colonial rule in India, the newly independent Indian government recognized the need for rapid industrialization and economic development.
- The iron and steel industry was considered crucial for the country's growth as it played a significant role in infrastructure development, defense production, and employment generation.

2. Formation of the Steel Corporation of Bengal:
- In 1952, the government of India signed an agreement with the British firm, M.N. Dastur & Co., to prepare a feasibility report for the establishment of an integrated steel plant in Durgapur, West Bengal.
- The Steel Corporation of Bengal (SCOB) was formed in 1955 as a joint venture between the Indian government, the industrialist Asoke Kumar Sen, and the British firm.
- The SCOB was tasked with the responsibility of setting up the Durgapur Steel Plant.

3. British Collaboration:
- The British firm, M.N. Dastur & Co., played a crucial role in the establishment of the Durgapur Steel Plant.
- They provided technical expertise and consultancy services for the project, including the preparation of the plant's layout, selection of equipment, and technology transfer.
- The collaboration with the British ensured that the plant was equipped with modern technology and expertise, setting the foundation for its successful operation.

4. Inauguration and Growth:
- The Durgapur Steel Plant was inaugurated by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru on January 24, 1960.
- It was the second integrated steel plant in India, following the Bhilai Steel Plant, which was also established with foreign collaboration.
- Over the years, the Durgapur Steel Plant has expanded its production capacity and diversified its product range.
- It played a significant role in the industrial development of West Bengal and contributed to the growth of the Indian steel industry.

Overall, the establishment of the Durgapur Steel Plant with British collaboration was a crucial step in the industrialization of India. The collaboration ensured the transfer of technology and expertise, leading to the successful operation and growth of the plant. The plant continues to contribute to the country's economic development and remains an important player in the Indian steel industry.