The Three Estates in 18th Century France

The society in France during the 18th century was divided into three major groups or estates based on their social status and occupation. These three estates were:

1. First Estate:
The First Estate was made up of the clergy members of the Catholic Church, including priests, bishops, and nuns. They were exempted from paying taxes and had a significant influence on the government and society.

2. Second Estate:
The Second Estate comprised the nobility of France, including the royal family, aristocrats, and wealthy landowners. Like the First Estate, they were also exempted from paying taxes.

3. Third Estate:
The Third Estate represented the majority of the population, which included common people, merchants, artisans, and peasants. They were the only ones who paid taxes and were subjected to the harsh living conditions.

Why only the Third Estate Paid Taxes?

The French government was facing financial crises due to the wars and extravagance of the royal family, and they needed to raise funds. However, the First and Second Estates were exempted from paying taxes, and the burden of taxes fell solely on the Third Estate.

This situation led to a lot of resentment and anger among the common people, who felt that they were being unfairly treated. This resentment and anger eventually led to the French Revolution, which aimed to overthrow the monarchy and create a more just and equal society.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the French society in the 18th century was divided into three estates, and only members of the Third Estate paid taxes, which created a lot of inequality and injustice. This situation ultimately led to the French Revolution and the overthrow of the monarchy.