Answer:
Igneous rock:
- Igneous rock is one of the three main types of rock, along with sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.
- It is formed through the solidification and cooling of magma or lava.
- Igneous rocks can be classified into two categories: intrusive (formed beneath the Earth's surface) and extrusive (formed on or above the Earth's surface).
- They are characterized by their crystalline structure and can contain various minerals.
Options:
A: Basalt
- Basalt is a common type of igneous rock that is formed from the rapid cooling of lava on or above the Earth's surface.
- It is typically dark in color and has a fine-grained texture.
- Basalt is commonly found in volcanic areas and is used in construction, as a paving stone, and as an aggregate in concrete.
B: Quartzite
- Quartzite is not an igneous rock.
- It is a metamorphic rock that is formed from the recrystallization of quartz-rich sandstone under high temperature and pressure.
- Quartzite is known for its hardness, durability, and vibrant colors, and it is commonly used as a decorative stone.
C: Slate
- Slate is not an igneous rock.
- It is a metamorphic rock that is formed from the low-grade metamorphism of shale or mudstone.
- Slate is characterized by its fine-grained texture, flat layers, and ability to be split into thin sheets.
- It is commonly used as a roofing material, flooring, and in other construction applications.
D: All of these
- The correct answer is not "All of these" because only option A, Basalt, is an igneous rock.
In conclusion, the correct option is A: Basalt, as it is the only one among the given options that is an igneous rock.