The growth of plants occurs only in certain  specific region. This is because the dividing tissue, also known as meristematic tissue, is located only  at these points. ... Apical meristem is present at the growing  tips of stems and roots and increases the length of the stem and the root.

Growth of Plants in Certain Regions

Plants exhibit growth in specific regions due to the presence of meristematic tissues, which are responsible for cell division and differentiation. These tissues are located in certain regions of the plant and are responsible for the growth and development of the plant body. Let's explore in detail why the growth of plants occurs only in certain regions.

Meristematic Tissues
Meristematic tissues are a group of undifferentiated cells that have the ability to divide and differentiate into specialized cells. These tissues are found in regions called meristems, which are responsible for the growth of the plant. Meristems are present in certain specific regions of the plant, such as the tips of roots and shoots, and the cambium layer in woody plants.

Apical Meristems
Apical meristems are located at the tips of stems and roots. They are responsible for primary growth, which results in an increase in the length of the plant. The apical meristem at the tip of the shoot is known as the shoot apical meristem (SAM), while the one at the tip of the root is called the root apical meristem (RAM). These meristems continuously divide and produce new cells, which then differentiate into various types of tissues.

Lateral Meristems
Lateral meristems, such as the vascular cambium and cork cambium, are responsible for secondary growth. Vascular cambium is responsible for the growth in thickness of stems and roots, while cork cambium is responsible for the formation of the protective outer layer called cork. These meristems are present in woody plants and contribute to the increase in girth or diameter of the plant.

Why Growth Occurs in Certain Regions
1. Presence of Meristematic Tissues: The growth of plants occurs only in certain regions because these regions contain meristematic tissues, which have the ability to divide and differentiate into specialized cells.

2. Division and Differentiation: Meristematic tissues constantly divide and produce new cells. These cells then differentiate into various types of tissues, such as dermal, ground, and vascular tissues, which contribute to the growth and development of the plant.

3. Regulation of Growth: The growth of plants is regulated by hormones, primarily auxins, produced by the meristematic tissues. These hormones control cell division, elongation, and differentiation, ensuring that growth occurs in specific regions according to the needs of the plant.

4. Environmental Factors: Growth in certain regions may also be influenced by environmental factors such as light, temperature, and nutrients. These factors can affect the activity of meristems and influence the direction and rate of growth.

In conclusion, the growth of plants occurs only in certain regions due to the presence of meristematic tissues, which have the ability to divide and differentiate into specialized cells. These tissues are responsible for the growth and development of the plant body, and their presence in specific regions ensures that growth occurs in a controlled and regulated manner.