Brownian motion is the random motion of particles suspended in a fluid resulting from their collision with the fast-moving molecules in the Fluids . This pattern of motion typically alternates random fluctuation within the new Closed volume.
EX. Movement of pollen grains in water.Robert Brown was the scientists who studied this phenomena .

Brownian motion is the random movement of particles suspended in a fluid, resulting from their collision with molecules of the surrounding medium. This phenomenon was first observed by the Scottish botanist Robert Brown in 1827 when he noticed pollen grains jiggling in water under a microscope.
Explanation:
Causes of Brownian Motion:
- Brownian motion is caused by the constant bombardment of the particles by the molecules of the fluid they are suspended in.
- The particles move in a zigzag pattern due to the random nature of these collisions.
Examples of Brownian Motion:
- A common example of Brownian motion is the movement of smoke particles in the air.
- When a smoke particle is exposed to light, it becomes visible as it moves randomly in different directions due to the collisions with air molecules.
Significance of Brownian Motion:
- Brownian motion is important in various scientific fields, such as physics, chemistry, and biology.
- It has applications in studying the diffusion of molecules, the behavior of colloidal particles, and the movement of microscopic organisms.
Conclusion:
- In conclusion, Brownian motion is a fundamental concept that helps us understand the random movement of particles in a fluid. Its observation has paved the way for advancements in various scientific disciplines.