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Among CH4, H2O, NH3 and PH3, the molecule having the smallest percent s character for the covalent bond (X-H) between the central element (X = C, O, N or P) and hydrogen is
- a)CH4
- b)H2O
- c)NH3
- d)PH3
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Most Upvoted Answer
Among CH4, H2O, NH3 and PH3, the molecule having the smallest percent ...
Explanation:
To determine the percent s character in the X-H bond, we need to look at the hybridization of the central atom (X). The percent s character increases with the increase in the number of s orbitals involved in hybridization.
Hybridization of the central atoms:
a) CH4 (Carbon): Carbon in CH4 undergoes sp3 hybridization, where one 2s orbital and three 2p orbitals combine to form four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The percent s character in the C-H bond is 25% (1 out of 4 orbitals is an s orbital).
b) H2O (Oxygen): Oxygen in H2O undergoes sp3 hybridization, similar to carbon in CH4. The percent s character in the O-H bond is also 25% (1 out of 4 orbitals is an s orbital).
c) NH3 (Nitrogen): Nitrogen in NH3 undergoes sp3 hybridization, similar to carbon and oxygen. The percent s character in the N-H bond is also 25% (1 out of 4 orbitals is an s orbital).
d) PH3 (Phosphorus): Phosphorus in PH3 undergoes sp3 hybridization, similar to carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. However, phosphorus has a larger atomic number and a lower electronegativity compared to the other three elements. This difference in electronegativity leads to a larger s character in the P-H bond. The percent s character in the P-H bond is approximately 33% (1 out of 3 orbitals is an s orbital).
Conclusion:
Among CH4, H2O, NH3, and PH3, the molecule with the smallest percent s character for the covalent bond (X-H) between the central element (X = C, O, N, or P) and hydrogen is PH3 (Option D). The P-H bond in PH3 has approximately 33% s character, while the C-H, O-H, and N-H bonds in CH4, H2O, and NH3 respectively have 25% s character.
To determine the percent s character in the X-H bond, we need to look at the hybridization of the central atom (X). The percent s character increases with the increase in the number of s orbitals involved in hybridization.
Hybridization of the central atoms:
a) CH4 (Carbon): Carbon in CH4 undergoes sp3 hybridization, where one 2s orbital and three 2p orbitals combine to form four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The percent s character in the C-H bond is 25% (1 out of 4 orbitals is an s orbital).
b) H2O (Oxygen): Oxygen in H2O undergoes sp3 hybridization, similar to carbon in CH4. The percent s character in the O-H bond is also 25% (1 out of 4 orbitals is an s orbital).
c) NH3 (Nitrogen): Nitrogen in NH3 undergoes sp3 hybridization, similar to carbon and oxygen. The percent s character in the N-H bond is also 25% (1 out of 4 orbitals is an s orbital).
d) PH3 (Phosphorus): Phosphorus in PH3 undergoes sp3 hybridization, similar to carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. However, phosphorus has a larger atomic number and a lower electronegativity compared to the other three elements. This difference in electronegativity leads to a larger s character in the P-H bond. The percent s character in the P-H bond is approximately 33% (1 out of 3 orbitals is an s orbital).
Conclusion:
Among CH4, H2O, NH3, and PH3, the molecule with the smallest percent s character for the covalent bond (X-H) between the central element (X = C, O, N, or P) and hydrogen is PH3 (Option D). The P-H bond in PH3 has approximately 33% s character, while the C-H, O-H, and N-H bonds in CH4, H2O, and NH3 respectively have 25% s character.
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Among CH4, H2O, NH3 and PH3, the molecule having the smallest percent s character for the covalent bond (X-H) between the central element (X = C, O, N or P) and hydrogen isa)CH4b)H2Oc)NH3d)PH3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Question Description
Among CH4, H2O, NH3 and PH3, the molecule having the smallest percent s character for the covalent bond (X-H) between the central element (X = C, O, N or P) and hydrogen isa)CH4b)H2Oc)NH3d)PH3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for IIT JAM 2024 is part of IIT JAM preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the IIT JAM exam syllabus. Information about Among CH4, H2O, NH3 and PH3, the molecule having the smallest percent s character for the covalent bond (X-H) between the central element (X = C, O, N or P) and hydrogen isa)CH4b)H2Oc)NH3d)PH3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for IIT JAM 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Among CH4, H2O, NH3 and PH3, the molecule having the smallest percent s character for the covalent bond (X-H) between the central element (X = C, O, N or P) and hydrogen isa)CH4b)H2Oc)NH3d)PH3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
Among CH4, H2O, NH3 and PH3, the molecule having the smallest percent s character for the covalent bond (X-H) between the central element (X = C, O, N or P) and hydrogen isa)CH4b)H2Oc)NH3d)PH3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for IIT JAM 2024 is part of IIT JAM preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the IIT JAM exam syllabus. Information about Among CH4, H2O, NH3 and PH3, the molecule having the smallest percent s character for the covalent bond (X-H) between the central element (X = C, O, N or P) and hydrogen isa)CH4b)H2Oc)NH3d)PH3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for IIT JAM 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Among CH4, H2O, NH3 and PH3, the molecule having the smallest percent s character for the covalent bond (X-H) between the central element (X = C, O, N or P) and hydrogen isa)CH4b)H2Oc)NH3d)PH3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
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