Centralisation and decentralisation are two key concepts in principles of management. These concepts deal with the distribution of authority and decision-making within an organization. Mind mapping images can be used to visually represent and understand the principles of centralisation and decentralisation.


Centralisation refers to the concentration of decision-making power at the top levels of an organization. In a centrally controlled structure, authority and decision-making are restricted to a few top-level managers or a single individual. Some key points related to centralisation include:

- Decision-making power is concentrated at the top levels of management.
- Top-level managers have more control and authority.
- Communication flows vertically from top to bottom.
- Lower-level employees have limited decision-making authority.
- Centralisation can result in quick decision-making and uniformity in operations.


Decentralisation, on the other hand, involves the distribution of decision-making power to lower levels of an organization. In a decentralized structure, authority is delegated to different departments or units, allowing them to make decisions independently. Some key points related to decentralisation include:

- Decision-making power is distributed among different levels and units of an organization.
- Lower-level managers have more autonomy and decision-making authority.
- Communication flows horizontally and vertically.
- Decentralisation promotes employee empowerment and motivation.
- It allows for quicker response to local issues and adaptability to change.


Mind mapping images provide a visual representation of centralisation and decentralisation, making it easier to understand and remember the concepts. Here is an example of how a mind map image can be created for centralisation and decentralisation:

- Centralisation (Center of the mind map):
- Top-level managers
- Concentrated decision-making power
- Vertical communication flow
- Quick decision-making
- Uniformity in operations

- Decentralisation (Branches of the mind map):
- Lower-level managers
- Distributed decision-making power
- Horizontal and vertical communication flow
- Employee empowerment and motivation
- Quick response to local issues
- Adaptability to change

By using mind mapping images, students and professionals can easily grasp the key principles of centralisation and decentralisation, their characteristics, and their implications for organizational structure and decision-making. Mind maps can serve as effective study aids and tools for visualizing complex concepts in management.

Centralisation means when decision making is in the hands of owner(s) whereas decentralisation means decision making is in the hands of other heads also including the owner(s).