Introduction:
Statistics is a branch of mathematics that deals with the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data. It is widely used in various fields such as business, economics, social sciences, and many more. However, statistics is affected by the multiplicity of causes, which means that it can be difficult to determine the exact cause of a particular outcome.

Explanation with an example:
For example, let's say a company is trying to determine the factors that affect its sales. The company collects data on various factors such as advertising, pricing, product quality, and customer service. Based on the analysis of the data, the company finds that advertising has the strongest correlation with sales. However, this does not mean that advertising is the sole cause of increased sales.

There could be other factors that are affecting sales, such as the quality of the product, customer service, or even external factors such as the economy. Therefore, it is important to consider all possible factors when analyzing data and making decisions based on statistical analysis.

Impact of multiplicity of causes on statistics:
The multiplicity of causes can have a significant impact on statistical analysis. It can lead to erroneous conclusions and misinterpretation of data. It is essential to consider all possible factors and variables that can affect the outcome when analyzing data. Failure to do so can result in inaccurate conclusions, which can have negative consequences for businesses, organizations, and individuals.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, statistics is affected by the multiplicity of causes, which means that it can be challenging to determine the exact cause of a particular outcome. It is important to consider all possible factors that can affect the outcome when analyzing data and making decisions based on statistical analysis. By doing so, we can ensure that our analysis is accurate and reliable.

For instance, the demand for a commodity is affected by the price of other commodities, income of consumers, tastes and preferences, etc. Thus, we can say that statistics is affected by a multiplicity of causes. 3.